{"dataset":"whistleblower-rewards","resource":"events","page":1,"pages":1,"total":399,"page_size":5000,"next":null,"prev":null,"rows":[{"event_id":"e-7acc335efe","date":"2026-09-29","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Flat 30% rewards with no cap take effect","description":"Cabinet approved the decree amendments on 22 Sep 2026; from 29 Sep 2026 applications get 30% of recovered revenue with no upper limit.","source_id":"kor-sbs-decree-2026","location":"article text","quote":"개정된 시행령은 이달 29일부터 시행되며, 새로운 기준은 시행 이후 신청된 사안부터 적용됩니다.","countries":"","short_title":"Flat 30% rewards with no cap take effect","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-fe6d04046b","date":"2026-09-29","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Flat 30% decrees promulgated and in force","description":"Presidential Decrees 36730 (ACRC Act), 36731 (PIWPA) and 36732 (Public Funds Recovery Act) are promulgated and take effect the same day; applications filed earlier keep the old schedule.","source_id":"kor-moleg-acrc-decree-2026-09","location":"promulgation text and addendum art. 1","quote":"이 영은 공포한 날부터 시행한다","countries":"","short_title":"Flat 30% decrees promulgated and in force","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-1460d093ec","date":"2026-09-22","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Cabinet approves flat 30% rewards with no cap","description":"The Cabinet approves amendments to the three enforcement decrees (ACRC Act, PIWPA, Public Funds Recovery Act); from 29 Sep 2026 rewards are 30% of the recovered amount with no KRW 3 billion cap.","source_id":"kor-acrc-pr-2026-09-22","location":"p. 1","quote":"오늘(22일) 국무회의 의결…오는 9월 29일부터 시행","countries":"","short_title":"Cabinet approves flat 30% rewards with no cap","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-96ee9a897b","date":"2026-09-10","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fincen-aml-wb","category":"context","title":"FinCEN bulletin seeks Iran-related tips","description":"Bulletin asking for tips on Iran-related BSA and sanctions violations.","source_id":"usa-fincen-wb-updates-2026","location":"Bulletins list","quote":"FinCEN Whistleblower Bulletin: Blow the Whistle on Iran-Related Illicit Finance","countries":"","short_title":"FinCEN bulletin seeks Iran-related tips","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-5669407e3d","date":"2026-09-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"legal","title":"Eleventh Circuit upholds qui tam under the Appointments Clause (Zafirov)","description":"The appeals court vacated the 2024 dismissal, joining other circuits, and remanded for the remaining Take Care and Vesting Clause arguments.","source_id":"usa-ca11-zafirov-2026","location":"p. 3","quote":"we join our sister circuits that have addressed this issue and hold that the qui tam provisions of the FCA do not violate the Appointments Clause.","countries":"","short_title":"Eleventh Circuit upholds qui tam under the Appointments Clause (Zafirov)","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-8565faeb25","date":"2026-09-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"legal","title":"Eleventh Circuit reverses Zafirov: qui tam does not violate the Appointments Clause","description":"Published opinion (Branch, J.): relators do not occupy a continuing position established by law, so they are not officers; joins the 5th, 6th, 9th and 10th Circuits. District court order vacated and case remanded for the Take Care and Vesting Clause arguments, which remain open.","source_id":"usa-ca11-zafirov-opinion-2026","location":"p. 3 and p. 18","quote":"we join our sister circuits that have addressed this issue and hold that the qui tam provisions of the FCA do not violate the Appointments Clause.","countries":"","short_title":"Eleventh Circuit reverses Zafirov: qui tam does not violate the Appointments Clause","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-e7580d76f6","date":"2026-08","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-doj-cwap","category":"context","title":"New CWA intake portal; over 1,800 tips since launch","description":"DOJ fact sheet reports over 1,800 tips in two years and a new intake portal. No award has been announced.","source_id":"usa-doj-cwap-factsheet-2026","location":"PDF p. 1","quote":"This month, we unveiled a new intake portal to improve the efficiency of the program","countries":"","short_title":"New CWA intake portal; over 1,800 tips since launch","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-b03b1069ea","date":"2026-07-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-doj-cwap","category":"rule_change","title":"CWA pilot guidance revised","description":"Revised guidance: eligibility under another whistleblower programme no longer automatically bars an award (only duplicate awards are excluded); submissions through a new online intake portal.","source_id":"usa-doj-cwap-guidance-2026","location":"PDF p. 2, footnote 3","quote":"being eligible for another whistleblower program no longer automatically renders a whistleblower ineligible for an award","countries":"","short_title":"CWA pilot guidance revised","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-c9bfa1bd6e","date":"2026-07-14","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"GBR","program_id":"","category":"context","title":"Independent review recommends SFO whistleblower rewards","description":"The Fisher review's second report recommends legislation letting the Serious Fraud Office financially reward whistleblowers, with a consultation on scheme design, plus offences for false reports and harassment.","source_id":"gbr-fisher-review-fraud-digital-age-2026","location":"PDF p. 146, Recommendation 15","quote":"Make legislative provision for the Serious Fraud Office to financially reward whistleblowers. The Government should launch a consultation to inform the design of a suitable scheme.","countries":"","short_title":"Independent review recommends SFO whistleblower rewards","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-6766b29f6f","date":"2026-07-14","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Flat 30% reward and cap abolition proposed","description":"ACRC pre-announces amendments to the enforcement decrees of three laws: a flat 30% of recovered revenue instead of the 4-30% sliding scale, and removal of the 3 billion won cap on corruption and public-funds rewards.","source_id":"kor-asiae-decree-2026","location":"article text","quote":"수입회복액 규모와 상관없이 일괄 30%를 지급하는 방식으로 개편","countries":"","short_title":"Flat 30% reward and cap abolition proposed","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-0bc415fc9d","date":"2026-07-14","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Draft decrees for flat 30% rewards with no cap published for comment","description":"The ACRC publishes draft amendments to the enforcement decrees of the ACRC Act, the PIWPA and the Public Funds Recovery Act for 41 days of public comment (14 July to 24 August 2026): rewards at a flat 30% of the recovered amount instead of the 4-30% sliding scale, and no KRW 3 billion cap for corruption and public-funds reports.","source_id":"kor-acrc-pr-2026-07-14","location":"p. 1","quote":"오 늘(14일)부터 8월 24일까지 41일간 입법예고를 진행한다고 밝혔다","countries":"","short_title":"Draft decrees for flat 30% rewards with no cap published for comment","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-b98d570fc6","date":"2026-07-13","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"GBR","program_id":"gbr-hmrc-srs","category":"rule_change","title":"Draft law: 45% tax withheld from Strengthened Reward Scheme payments","description":"HMRC publishes draft Finance Bill 2026-27 legislation requiring it to deduct income tax at the additional rate (45%) from rewards under the Strengthened Reward Scheme; effective from Royal Assent.","source_id":"gbr-hmrc-srs-withholding-tiin-2026","location":"section 'General description of the measure'","quote":"receive this payment with Income Tax due deducted at source at the additional rate of 45%","countries":"","short_title":"Draft law: 45% tax withheld from Strengthened Reward Scheme payments","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-49c786430f","date":"2026-06-03","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"GBR","program_id":"","category":"context","title":"SFO Director backs a whistleblower incentivisation scheme","description":"SFO Director says he supports an incentivisation scheme for the SFO; over 700 UK nationals provided intelligence to US programmes between 2012 and 2023.","source_id":"gbr-sfo-speech-conference-2026","location":"speech text, 'Whistleblower Incentivisation'","quote":"I am a strong advocate for generating human intelligence and I support a whistleblower incentivisation scheme for the SFO.","countries":"","short_title":"SFO Director backs a whistleblower incentivisation scheme","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-69015991b4","date":"2026-05-13","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"LTU","program_id":"ltu-kt-cartel-rewards","category":"context","title":"Lithuanian Competition Council offers rewards for evidence in ongoing dairy and coffee-machine investigations","description":"The Competition Council invites people with information on its ongoing investigations (a suspected raw-milk purchase price cartel among dairy processors, and suspected resale price fixing of Jura coffee machines by distributor Rickman Trade) to come forward, saying evidence on investigations already under way may earn a reward of up to EUR 100,000.","source_id":"ltu-kt-news-reward-2026","location":"news text, paras 1-4","quote":"Individuals who submit evidence related to investigations already being conducted by our institution may also qualify for a reward.","countries":"","short_title":"Lithuanian Competition Council offers rewards for evidence in ongoing dairy and coffee-machine investigations","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-4ef32e95ec","date":"2026-04-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fincen-aml-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"Whistleblower NPRM published","description":"Proposed 31 CFR 1010.930 published; comments due 1 June 2026. No awards are paid until a final rule.","source_id":"usa-fincen-wb-nprm-2026","location":"PDF p. 1 (91 FR 16328), DATES","quote":"Written comments on this proposed rule must be submitted on or before June 1, 2026.","countries":"","short_title":"Whistleblower NPRM published","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-b7b1a83f43","date":"2026-03-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fincen-aml-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"FinCEN proposes rule to pay whistleblowers","description":"FinCEN submits its proposed whistleblower rule to the Federal Register (10-30 percent awards).","source_id":"usa-fincen-pr-nprm-2026","location":"press release, para 1","quote":"Today, the U.S. Department of the Treasury’s Financial Crimes Enforcement Network (FinCEN) submitted to the Federal Register a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking (NPRM)","countries":"","short_title":"FinCEN proposes rule to pay whistleblowers","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-42f523f608","date":"2026-03-04","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"SVK","program_id":"svk-uoo-rewards","category":"context","title":"Slovak coalition agrees to repeal the law abolishing the Office","description":"Prime minister announces the coalition will repeal the new law, citing Recovery Plan payments.","source_id":"svk-uoo-vs-2025","location":"PDF p. 70, chapter 8","quote":"Premiér Robert Fico 4. marca 2026 po rokovaní vlády oznámil, že koalícia sa dohodla na zrušení nového zákona.","countries":"","short_title":"Slovak coalition agrees to repeal the law abolishing the Office","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-c6d90090c1","date":"2026-02-13","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fincen-aml-wb","category":"context","title":"FinCEN bulletin seeks fraud-related tips","description":"First whistleblower bulletin, asking for tips on BSA and sanctions violations linked to fraud.","source_id":"usa-fincen-wb-updates-2026","location":"Bulletins list","quote":"FinCEN Whistleblower Bulletin: Blow the Whistle on Fraud-Related AML and Sanctions Violations","countries":"","short_title":"FinCEN bulletin seeks fraud-related tips","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-f9ea41c018","date":"2026-01-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"SVK","program_id":"svk-uoo-rewards","category":"legal","title":"European Commission opens infringement over abolition of Slovak Whistleblower Office","description":"The Commission opens infringement proceedings over the new law; a EUR 590 million Recovery Plan payment is held back.","source_id":"svk-uoo-vs-2025","location":"PDF p. 70, chapter 8","quote":"Dňa 30. januára 2026 Európska komisia informovala o začatí konania pre porušenie práva EÚ (tzv. infringement)","countries":"","short_title":"European Commission opens infringement over abolition of Slovak Whistleblower Office","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-6b0c4b359a","date":"2026-01-29","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-doj-atr-wb","category":"award","title":"First antitrust whistleblower award ($1 million)","description":"$1 million reward for information leading to EBLOCK Corporation's deferred prosecution agreement and $3.28 million fine.","source_id":"usa-doj-atr-pr-first-wb-award-2026","location":"press release, para 1","quote":"The Antitrust Division today announced its first-ever whistleblower reward","countries":"","short_title":"First antitrust whistleblower award ($1 million)","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-360dce5717","date":"2026-01-16","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"award","title":"Record FCA year: over $6.8 billion and 1,297 qui tam suits in FY2025","description":"DOJ reported the highest annual FCA settlements and judgments in the Act's history and a record number of qui tam filings (previous record 980 in FY2024).","source_id":"usa-doj-fca-pr-fy2025","location":"press release text","quote":"That amount is the highest in a single year in the history of the False Claims Act.","countries":"","short_title":"Record FCA year: over $6.8 billion and 1,297 qui tam suits in FY2025","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-246dc3fd0f","date":"2026","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fincen-aml-wb","category":"context","title":"FinCEN: awards only after a final rule","description":"FinCEN's programme page says it will begin processing and paying awards once the implementing regulation is final; no award has been paid under the 2021 law.","source_id":"usa-fincen-wb-page-2026","location":"Awards section","quote":"Once that regulation is finalized, FinCEN will begin processing and paying awards.","countries":"","short_title":"FinCEN: awards only after a final rule","plain_summary":"","year":"2026"},{"event_id":"e-a5e065b2ab","date":"2025-12-17","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"SVK","program_id":"svk-uoo-rewards","category":"legal","title":"Constitutional Court suspends the law abolishing the Whistleblower Protection Office","description":"On a petition by 63 opposition MPs the Constitutional Court suspends the new law; the Office continues unchanged.","source_id":"svk-uoo-vs-2025","location":"PDF p. 70, chapter 8","quote":"Dňa 17. decembra 2025 Ústavný súd SR pozastavil účinnosť schváleného zákona.","countries":"","short_title":"Constitutional Court suspends the law abolishing the Whistleblower Protection Office","plain_summary":"","year":"2025"},{"event_id":"e-c17bccea7d","date":"2025-12-10","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"award","title":"Record corruption reward of KRW 1.82 billion","description":"Largest reward to one person since 2002, for a report on unlawful free transfer of public land in a redevelopment project.","source_id":"kor-acrc-pr-2025-12-10","location":"p. 1","quote":"역대 최고 보상금 18억 2천만 원을 지급했다고","countries":"","short_title":"Record corruption reward of KRW 1.82 billion","plain_summary":"","year":"2025"},{"event_id":"e-c800bf2a60","date":"2025-12-09","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"SVK","program_id":"svk-uoo-rewards","category":"legal","title":"Slovak parliament passes fast-track law abolishing the Whistleblower Protection Office","description":"The Act on the Office for the Protection of Victims of Crime and Whistleblowers, to replace the Office from 1 January 2026, end its leadership's mandate and allow review and withdrawal of protections, is passed; the president vetoes it on 11 December and parliament overrides the veto on 12 December 2025.","source_id":"svk-uoo-vs-2025","location":"PDF p. 69, chapter 8","quote":"Zákon bol v skrátenom legislatívnom konaní schválený 9. decembra 2025. Nové pravidlá mali začať platiť od 1. januára 2026.","countries":"","short_title":"Slovak parliament passes fast-track law abolishing the Whistleblower Protection Office","plain_summary":"","year":"2025"},{"event_id":"e-eabf37eeb0","date":"2025-12-08","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"GBR","program_id":"","category":"context","title":"Anti-Corruption Strategy: government to assess financial incentives for reporting economic crime","description":"The UK Anti-Corruption Strategy commits to consider the Fisher review's findings on incentivising whistleblowers and assess the feasibility of financial incentive schemes.","source_id":"gbr-ho-anti-corruption-strategy-2025","location":"PDF p. 22 (printed p. 21), para 39.III","quote":"assess the feasibility of introducing financial incentive schemes and support for individuals reporting economic crime","countries":"","short_title":"Anti-Corruption Strategy: government to assess financial incentives for reporting economic crime","plain_summary":"","year":"2025"},{"event_id":"e-6a4ec92c34","date":"2025-11-27","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"GBR","program_id":"gbr-hmrc-srs","category":"context","title":"Treasury: annual totals only, no counts or individual rewards","description":"Answering a written question, the Treasury confirms the scheme launched on 26 Nov 2025 and says HMRC will keep publishing the annual total of rewards but not the number or size of rewards.","source_id":"gbr-parliament-wq-93208-2025","location":"answer text","quote":"To protect the confidentiality of informants we do not publish the number of rewards or size of individual rewards.","countries":"","short_title":"Treasury: annual totals only, no counts or individual rewards","plain_summary":"","year":"2025"},{"event_id":"e-fbc27c92ae","date":"2025-11-26","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"GBR","program_id":"gbr-hmrc-srs","category":"launch","title":"HMRC Strengthened Reward Scheme announced","description":"On Budget day HMRC publishes guidance for a new reward scheme: 15-30% of tax collected when at least £1.5 million is recovered from serious avoidance or evasion; discretionary.","source_id":"gbr-hmrc-srs-guidance-2025","location":"guidance text","quote":"The Strengthened Reward Scheme is for individuals who report serious tax avoidance or evasion.","countries":"","short_title":"HMRC Strengthened Reward Scheme announced","plain_summary":"","year":"2025"},{"event_id":"e-d20c7befa9","date":"2025-11-04","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-treasury-karrp","category":"legal","title":"House committee reports bill to revive kleptocracy rewards (H.R. 5344)","description":"Financial Services Committee reports H.R. 5344 (introduced 15 Sep 2025) to re-establish the programme.","source_id":"usa-house-rpt-119-370-2025","location":"PDF p. 1","quote":"to amend the Kleptocracy Asset Recovery Rewards Act to extend the Kleptocracy Asset Recovery Rewards Pilot Program","countries":"","short_title":"House committee reports bill to revive kleptocracy rewards (H.R. 5344)","plain_summary":"","year":"2025"},{"event_id":"e-40cc090a0b","date":"2025-09-16","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-treasury-karrp","category":"legal","title":"House committee approves H.R. 5344 by 50-0","description":"The Financial Services Committee ordered H.R. 5344 (making the programme permanent for seven years after enactment) reported favourably by a recorded vote of 50 yeas, 0 nays.","source_id":"usa-house-rpt-119-370-2025","location":"PDF p. 4, Committee Votes","quote":"by a recorded vote of 50 yeas and 0 nays","countries":"","short_title":"House committee approves H.R. 5344 by 50-0","plain_summary":"","year":"2025"},{"event_id":"e-e75f8c8ce5","date":"2025-07","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-doj-atr-wb","category":"launch","title":"Antitrust Whistleblower Rewards Program launched","description":"Programme announced in July 2025 (month from a law-firm alert).","source_id":"usa-crowell-atr-first-award-2026","location":"para 3","quote":"Launched in July 2025 as a partnership between the Division and Postal Service","countries":"","short_title":"Antitrust Whistleblower Rewards Program launched","plain_summary":"","year":"2025"},{"event_id":"e-4f6596bb40","date":"2025-05-12","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-doj-cwap","category":"rule_change","title":"CWA pilot expanded to new priority areas","description":"Criminal Division memo adds subject areas including cartels and transnational criminal organisations, immigration violations by companies, sanctions, procurement fraud and trade/tariff fraud.","source_id":"usa-doj-crm-memo-whitecollar-2025","location":"PDF p. 5","quote":"effective immediately, I am directing the following amendments to the Criminal Division’s Corporate Whistleblower Awards Pilot Program to reflect priority areas of focus.","countries":"","short_title":"CWA pilot expanded to new priority areas","plain_summary":"","year":"2025"},{"event_id":"e-8eabf44dc3","date":"2025-05-07","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-doj-atr-wb","category":"legal","title":"Antitrust Division, USPS and USPS OIG sign whistleblower rewards MOU","description":"MOU lets the Postal Service pay rewards out of criminal antitrust fines in cases affecting the mail.","source_id":"usa-doj-atr-usps-wb-mou-2025","location":"PDF p. 11, section H","quote":"This MOU becomes effective on the latest of the three dates it is signed by the Parties","countries":"","short_title":"Antitrust Division, USPS and USPS OIG sign whistleblower rewards MOU","plain_summary":"","year":"2025"},{"event_id":"e-bed0e29c0b","date":"2025-05-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"context","title":"Reward paid to the heir of a deceased reporter","description":"The ACRC pays a reward of about KRW 13 million to the heir of a corruption reporter who died before applying, after a pre-consultation under its proactive-administration rules.","source_id":"kor-acrc-pr-2025-05-01","location":"p. 2","quote":"상속인에게 약 1천 3백만 원의 보상금을 지급했다","countries":"","short_title":"Reward paid to the heir of a deceased reporter","plain_summary":"","year":"2025"},{"event_id":"e-740c0a6da8","date":"2025-05","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-doj-cwap","category":"rule_change","title":"DOJ pilot expanded to four more priority areas","description":"After the Criminal Division memo of 12 May 2025, the pilot added areas such as trade, tariff and customs fraud, immigration violations, sanctions and cartels.","source_id":"usa-doj-cwap-factsheet-2026","location":"p. 1","quote":"In May 2025, the CWA expanded to cover four additional priority areas of focus.","countries":"","short_title":"DOJ pilot expanded to four more priority areas","plain_summary":"","year":"2025"},{"event_id":"e-2723eff6c3","date":"2025-04-03","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"GBR","program_id":"","category":"context","title":"SFO plan includes a whistleblower incentivisation scheme","description":"SFO's annual plan commits to advancing plans for a whistleblower incentivisation scheme.","source_id":"gbr-sfo-news-plan-2025","location":"news text","quote":"advancing plans for a whistleblower incentivisation scheme.","countries":"","short_title":"SFO plan includes a whistleblower incentivisation scheme","plain_summary":"","year":"2025"},{"event_id":"e-3024b250ff","date":"2025-03-11","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"GBR","program_id":"gbr-hmrc-srs","category":"context","title":"Treasury minister announces a percentage-based HMRC reward scheme","description":"The Exchequer Secretary announces a new HMRC scheme for informants, inspired by US and Canadian models, paying a percentage of the tax collected, to launch later in 2025.","source_id":"gbr-hmt-speech-hmrc20-2025","location":"speech text","quote":"I am glad to announce today that HMRC will launch a new reward scheme for informants later this year","countries":"","short_title":"Treasury minister announces a percentage-based HMRC reward scheme","plain_summary":"","year":"2025"},{"event_id":"e-7f2cf2336e","date":"2025-03-03","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-nhtsa-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"NHTSA delays enforcing the whistleblower rule to 20 March 2025","description":"Notice of enforcement discretion so new officials can review the rule.","source_id":"usa-nhtsa-wb-rule-2025","location":"PDF p. 1 (90 FR 11029), SUMMARY","quote":"will not enforce the requirements of the final rule titled ‘‘Implementing the Whistleblower Provisions of the Vehicle Safety Act’’ until March 20, 2025.","countries":"","short_title":"NHTSA delays enforcing the whistleblower rule to 20 March 2025","plain_summary":"","year":"2025"},{"event_id":"e-71066bf81a","date":"2025","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"CAN","program_id":"can-cra-otip","category":"context","title":"CRA plans a new system for OTIP in 2025","description":"The November 2024 privacy impact assessment says a new enhanced system will be implemented in 2025, replacing the 2022 system. Planned at the time of writing; implementation not confirmed in this document.","source_id":"can-cra-otip-pia-2024","location":"Summary of the project, 'What's New', para 3","quote":"A new enhanced system will be implemented in 2025 and use of the existing system will be discontinued.","countries":"","short_title":"CRA plans a new system for OTIP in 2025","plain_summary":"","year":"2025"},{"event_id":"e-81165277bb","date":"2025","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"legal","title":"Relator trial verdict of $1.6 billion against Janssen (Penelow)","description":"In a case the relators pursued, a jury returned a $1.6 billion verdict in U.S. ex rel. Penelow v. Janssen Products LP (Prezista and Intelence promotion); listed in DOJ's FY2025 fact sheet. Exact verdict date not given in the fact sheet.","source_id":"usa-doj-fca-factsheet-2025","location":"p. 2-3, \"Prescription Drugs\"","quote":"U.S. ex rel. Penelow v. Janssen Products LP, resulting in a $1.6 billion verdict","countries":"","short_title":"Relator trial verdict of $1.6 billion against Janssen (Penelow)","plain_summary":"","year":"2025"},{"event_id":"e-7f9cf59f4a","date":"2024-12-17","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-nhtsa-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"NHTSA final whistleblower rule","description":"Final 49 CFR Part 513 published, effective 16 Jan 2025: forms, anonymous filing through a legal representative, 90-day claim window.","source_id":"usa-nhtsa-wb-finalrule-2024","location":"PDF p. 1 (89 FR 101952), DATES","quote":"Effective date: This rule is effective January 16, 2025.","countries":"","short_title":"NHTSA final whistleblower rule","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-1cd7032d18","date":"2024-10-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"GBR","program_id":"gbr-hmrc-srs","category":"context","title":"Autumn Budget 2024 promises stronger HMRC informant rewards","description":"The government commits to strengthening HMRC's scheme for rewarding informants about high-value tax fraud and avoidance.","source_id":"gbr-hmt-autumn-budget-2024","location":"Chapter 5, 'Closing the tax gap'","quote":"Rewards for informants – The government will strengthen HMRC’s scheme for rewarding informants, to encourage reporting of high value tax fraud and avoidance.","countries":"","short_title":"Autumn Budget 2024 promises stronger HMRC informant rewards","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-c5119e160e","date":"2024-09-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"legal","title":"District court holds FCA qui tam unconstitutional (Zafirov)","description":"Judge Mizelle (M.D. Fla.) held that relators are officers of the United States who are not appointed under Article II, so the qui tam provision violates the Appointments Clause; she dismissed Dr. Clarissa Zafirov's Medicare Advantage fraud suit (751 F. Supp. 3d 1293). The United States and the relator appealed (11th Cir. No. 24-13581).","source_id":"usa-flmd-zafirov-order-2024","location":"p. 52","quote":"Because Zafirov initiated this FCA action when unconstitutionally appointed, I grant the defendants’ motion for judgment on the pleadings and dismiss the case.","countries":"","short_title":"District court holds FCA qui tam unconstitutional (Zafirov)","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-5f9638f0da","date":"2024-09-27","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Public-funds rewards move from flat 30% to a 4-30% sliding scale","description":"Decree 34920 replaces the flat 30% for fraudulent-claims reports with the same sliding scale used for corruption reports, keeping the KRW 3 billion cap.","source_id":"kor-moleg-pfra-decree-2024","location":"reason statement (개정이유)","quote":"부정청구 등을 신고한 자에 대한 보상금 산정 기준을 보상대상가액의 액수에 따라 세분화하는","countries":"","short_title":"Public-funds rewards move from flat 30% to a 4-30% sliding scale","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-c4eacf1aa2","date":"2024-09-27","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Public Funds Recovery Act amendment in force: proxy reporting and relief fund for reporters","description":"Amendment of 26 Mar 2024 (in force 27 Sep 2024): non-real-name proxy reporting and a relief fund for reporters of false claims, criminal penalties for false claims, interest and sanction-reduction changes.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2024","location":"p. 88","quote":"In 2024, the Public Fund Recovery Act was amended on March 26 ... (6) introduction of non-real name proxy reporting; (7) establishment of a relief fund system. The revised law has been in effect since September 27, 2024.","countries":"","short_title":"Public Funds Recovery Act amendment in force: proxy reporting and relief fund for reporters","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-b8d05ee326","date":"2024-09-26","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC fines GQG Partners $500,000 under Rule 21F-17","description":"Non-disclosure agreements with job candidates and a settlement requiring a former employee to affirm no reports to regulators.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2024","location":"p. 10, footnote 28","quote":"See In the Matter of GQG Partners LLC, File No. 3-22208 (September 26, 2024)","countries":"","short_title":"SEC fines GQG Partners $500,000 under Rule 21F-17","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-9eb556e0f3","date":"2024-09-04","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"CFTC amends Part 165 whistleblower rules","description":"eCFR shows Part 165 sections amended at 89 FR 71820 (Sept. 4, 2024); content not reviewed here.","source_id":"usa-ecfr-17cfr165-2026","location":"Source notes in 17 CFR 165","quote":"as amended at 82 FR 24497, May 30, 2017; 89 FR 71820, Sept. 4, 2024","countries":"","short_title":"CFTC amends Part 165 whistleblower rules","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-07ec7abc59","date":"2024-09-04","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC fines Nationwide Planning Associates and affiliates under Rule 21F-17","description":"Three affiliated firms had 11 retail clients sign confidentiality agreements limiting contact with the SEC; combined penalties $240,000.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2024","location":"p. 10, footnote 29","quote":"See In the Matter of Nationwide Planning Associates, Inc., et al., File No. 3-22056 (September 4, 2024)","countries":"","short_title":"SEC fines Nationwide Planning Associates and affiliates under Rule 21F-17","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-35331e4dcf","date":"2024-08-07","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Cap on public-interest rewards abolished","description":"No maximum reward for public-interest reports filed on or after 7 Aug 2024.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2025","location":"PDF p. 89","quote":"no maximum limit applies to reports filed on or after August 7, 2024.","countries":"","short_title":"Cap on public-interest rewards abolished","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-834e44b8da","date":"2024-08-07","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"PIWPA decree removes the KRW 3 billion reward cap; legal-aid costs for internal whistleblowers","description":"Implementing Act 20243 (6 Feb 2024), the amended PIWPA decree removes the KRW 3 billion cap on rewards for internal whistleblowers and sets how lawyers who assist internal whistleblowers are paid by the ACRC and how wrongly paid costs are clawed back.","source_id":"kor-moleg-piwpa-decree-2024","location":"reason statement (개정이유)","quote":"종전에 30억원으로 설정한 내부 공익신고자에 대한 보상금의 지급한도액을 없애는","countries":"","short_title":"PIWPA decree removes the KRW 3 billion reward cap; legal-aid costs for internal whistleblowers","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-3a71b07bd1","date":"2024-08-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-doj-cwap","category":"launch","title":"DOJ Corporate Whistleblower Awards Pilot Program begins","description":"Three-year DOJ Criminal Division pilot paying discretionary awards from forfeitures over $1 million: up to 30% of the first $100 million net forfeited, up to 5% from $100-500 million.","source_id":"usa-doj-cwap-guidance-2026","location":"p. 1-2","quote":"has been effective since August 1, 2024","countries":"","short_title":"DOJ Corporate Whistleblower Awards Pilot Program begins","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-4047da78ae","date":"2024-08-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-doj-cwap","category":"launch","title":"DOJ Corporate Whistleblower Awards Pilot Program starts","description":"Three-year pilot paying awards from forfeited assets for tips on corporate crime in four initial areas (financial institutions, foreign corruption by non-issuers, domestic corruption, private health-care fraud).","source_id":"usa-doj-cwap-factsheet-2024","location":"PDF p. 1","quote":"Starting August 1, 2024, whistleblowers can submit original information to DOJ’s Criminal Division about certain types of corporate crime","countries":"","short_title":"DOJ Corporate Whistleblower Awards Pilot Program starts","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-ee9fac524a","date":"2024-06-17","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"legal","title":"First CFTC action for impeding whistleblowers (Trafigura)","description":"The CFTC ordered Trafigura Trading LLC to pay $55 million for fraud, manipulation and impeding whistleblower communications through non-disclosure agreements, the first such charge in CFTC history.","source_id":"usa-cftc-wb-ar-2024","location":"PDF p. 16 (printed 15), Section II.E","quote":"This action was groundbreaking because it was the first time in CFTC history that the Commission charged a company for using agreements intended to prevent whistleblowers from communicating with the CFTC.","countries":"","short_title":"First CFTC action for impeding whistleblowers (Trafigura)","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-2f375d0f8e","date":"2024-06","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"SVK","program_id":"svk-uoo-rewards","category":"legal","title":"Whistleblower Office fines interior ministry EUR 90,000","description":"First-instance fine of EUR 90,000 on the Ministry of Interior for acting against protected police whistleblowers without consent; upheld in October 2024, paid, and challenged in the administrative court.","source_id":"svk-uoo-vs-2024","location":"PDF p. 17 (printed p. 16), section 2.2","quote":"Jeho výsledkom bola doteraz najvyššia úradom udelená pokuta, 90-tisíc eur, o ktorej v júni rozhodol prvostupňový orgán úradu.","countries":"","short_title":"Whistleblower Office fines interior ministry EUR 90,000","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-10758be7cc","date":"2024-04-17","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"","category":"context","title":"Senate hearing with Boeing whistleblowers","description":"The Permanent Subcommittee on Investigations heard Sam Salehpour and others on Boeing's safety culture and retaliation.","source_id":"usa-senate-psi-boeing-opening-2024","location":"p. 1","quote":"Our purpose today is to hear from whistleblowers who have personal, eyewitness, factual stories to tell about Boeing","countries":"","short_title":"Senate hearing with Boeing whistleblowers","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-815acc6a45","date":"2024-04-03","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC vacates its own award denial after a voluntary remand from the Fifth Circuit","description":"After a denied claimant petitioned the Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, the SEC sought a voluntary remand, vacated its December 2, 2022 order (Release No. 96439), found the claimant was a whistleblower in his personal capacity, waived his late Form TCR under Section 36(a), and granted him an award; it warned that outside the Form TCR context extraordinary circumstances are still required.","source_id":"usa-sec-wb-order-34-99890","location":"pp. 1-4 and p. 6, sections I.B, II.A and III","quote":"the Commission sought and obtained a voluntary remand so that it could reconsider its determination that Claimant 2 was not a whistleblower.","countries":"","short_title":"SEC vacates its own award denial after a voluntary remand from the Fifth Circuit","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-93e5a998e8","date":"2024-03-14","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"award","title":"First CFTC award to a compliance officer","description":"About $1.25 million under the 120-day internal-reporting exception.","source_id":"usa-cftc-wb-ar-2024","location":"p. 5","quote":"This award was significant because it marked the first time the CFTC awarded a compliance officer.","countries":"","short_title":"First CFTC award to a compliance officer","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-ec53f82c91","date":"2024-02-13","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"GBR","program_id":"","category":"context","title":"SFO Director: 'we should pay whistleblowers'","description":"In a speech at RUSI, the new Director of the Serious Fraud Office, Nick Ephgrave, calls for paying whistleblowers, citing the US system.","source_id":"gbr-sfo-speech-rusi-2024","location":"speech text","quote":"I think we should pay whistleblowers.","countries":"","short_title":"SFO Director: 'we should pay whistleblowers'","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-2d3d70dcd0","date":"2024-02","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"SVK","program_id":"svk-uoo-rewards","category":"context","title":"Fast-track amendment to Slovak whistleblower act withdrawn","description":"The government's December 2023 fast-track amendment narrowing whistleblower protection is withdrawn from parliament at the end of February 2024.","source_id":"svk-uoo-vs-2024","location":"PDF p. 44 (printed p. 43), chapter 6","quote":"Novela bola z rokovania parlamentu stiahnutá koncom februára 2024.","countries":"","short_title":"Fast-track amendment to Slovak whistleblower act withdrawn","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-9c8f2504eb","date":"2024-01-16","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"Record anti-impeding penalty: J.P. Morgan Securities $18 million","description":"JPMS agreed to an $18 million civil penalty for impeding whistleblowers (Rule 21F-17), the highest for this kind of action; 11 such actions in FY2024.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2024","location":"p. 1 and p. 10","quote":"include one that resulted in an $18 million penalty, the highest penalty to date for an action of this kind","countries":"","short_title":"Record anti-impeding penalty: J.P. Morgan Securities $18 million","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-dae9661472","date":"2024-01-09","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"National Assembly passes abolition of the public-interest reward cap","description":"The PIWPA amendment removing the KRW 3 billion cap (rewards up to 30% of the recovery) passes the National Assembly; it applies to reports filed after it takes effect (7 Aug 2024).","source_id":"kor-acrc-pr-2024-01-15","location":"p. 1","quote":"공익신고자에 대한 보상금 지급 한도(30억 원)를 없애고","countries":"","short_title":"National Assembly passes abolition of the public-interest reward cap","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-13afa7c7b2","date":"2024-01-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-treasury-karrp","category":"closure","title":"Kleptocracy rewards pilot lapses","description":"Statutory sunset three years after enactment; Treasury stopped accepting information.","source_id":"usa-treasury-karrp-page-2026","location":"page text","quote":"The Kleptocracy Assets Recovery Rewards program lapsed on January 1, 2024.","countries":"","short_title":"Kleptocracy rewards pilot lapses","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-f1035919f4","date":"2024","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Public-interest act amended: legal-aid costs for internal whistleblowers, 22 laws added","description":"2024 amendments to the Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act: legal assistance costs for internal whistleblowers, duty for all receiving agencies to inform reporters of protection, cap on rewards abolished, subrogation access to property information, 22 laws added (495 laws as of 20 Mar 2025).","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2024","location":"p. 78-79, 82","quote":"The major amendments to the Act on the Protection of Public Interest Whistleblowers in 2024 include, first, the establishment of a legal basis for supporting legal assistance costs for internal whistleblowers.","countries":"","short_title":"Public-interest act amended: legal-aid costs for internal whistleblowers, 22 laws added","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-6e44305b8c","date":"2024","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"legal","title":"Zafirov: district court holds FCA qui tam provisions unconstitutional","description":"The Middle District of Florida held that relators are officers who must be appointed under Article II and dismissed Dr Zafirov's qui tam suit (751 F. Supp. 3d 1293).","source_id":"usa-ca11-zafirov-2026","location":"p. 4","quote":"751 F. Supp. 3d 1293, 1304 (M.D. Fla. 2024)","countries":"","short_title":"Zafirov: district court holds FCA qui tam provisions unconstitutional","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-83af09fb14","date":"2024","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"Whistleblower Office expands to 84 staff and takes back the intake team","description":"During FY2024 (Oct 2023-Sep 2024) the office restructured, grew from 49 to 84 full-time employees (partly by realigning the Initial Claim Evaluation team from SB/SE) and secured funding for a new claim system and online submission portal.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2024","location":"PDF p. 11, Staffing","quote":"In FY 2024, the Whistleblower Office expanded from 49 to 84 full-time employees and restructured the office","countries":"","short_title":"Whistleblower Office expands to 84 staff and takes back the intake team","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-bb40605ff1","date":"2024","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Whistleblower project in Treasury-IRS 2024-2025 Priority Guidance Plan","description":"The initial 2024-2025 Priority Guidance Plan includes a project on the IRS whistleblower programme.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2024","location":"PDF p. 16, Inclusion in the Treasury Department's 2024-2025 Priority Guidance Plan","quote":"The IRS Whistleblower Program has a project included in the initial version of the Priority Guidance Plan for 2024-2025.","countries":"","short_title":"Whistleblower project in Treasury-IRS 2024-2025 Priority Guidance Plan","plain_summary":"","year":"2024"},{"event_id":"e-2bf41e2a15","date":"2023-12-26","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"context","title":"Record year for corruption reward payments (2023)","description":"The ACRC reports KRW 4.24 billion of corruption rewards paid in 2023, the largest single-year amount and about 40% more than in 2022.","source_id":"kor-acrc-pr-2023-12-26","location":"p. 1","quote":"이는 단일년도 기준 역대 최고액으로 전년 집행액 대비 약 40%가 증가한 수치이다","countries":"","short_title":"Record year for corruption reward payments (2023)","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-08cd18d0e7","date":"2023-12-19","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Public-interest reward band raised to 4-30%","description":"For public-interest reports filed from 19 Dec 2023 the reward range rises from 4-20% to 4-30%, and the award maximum from 200 to 500 million won.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2025","location":"PDF p. 89","quote":"whereas for reports filed on or after December 19, 2023, it shall be within the range of 4% to 30%","countries":"","short_title":"Public-interest reward band raised to 4-30%","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-3db2a959cb","date":"2023-12-19","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"PIWPA decree: rewards up to 30%, award cap KRW 500 million, minimum reward KRW 300,000","description":"The amended PIWPA decree raises the reward schedule from 20% to 30% of the recovered amount at the top rate (30% down to 4%), raises the monetary award cap from KRW 200 million to KRW 500 million, raises the amount below which rewards are not paid from KRW 200,000 to KRW 300,000, and specifies when up to 50% of a reward may be paid first. Reports made before 19 Dec 2023 keep the old rules.","source_id":"kor-moleg-piwpa-decree-2023","location":"reason statement (개정이유); addendum <제34016호,2023.12.19>","quote":"공익신고의 포상금 지급한도액을 ‘2억원’에서 ‘5억원’으로 상향하여","countries":"","short_title":"PIWPA decree: rewards up to 30%, award cap KRW 500 million, minimum reward KRW 300,000","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-1f95bbb33e","date":"2023-12-17","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"INTL","program_id":"intl-eu-wb-directive","category":"rule_change","title":"EU Whistleblower Directive: deadline for internal channels in mid-sized firms","description":"Deadline for member states to apply the internal-reporting-channel obligation to private entities with 50 to 249 workers; also the date by which the Commission was to report on implementation (Art. 27(1)).","source_id":"intl-eu-directive-2019-1937","location":"Art. 26(2) and 27(1), PDF p. 29","quote":"Member States shall by 17 December 2023 bring into force","countries":"","short_title":"EU Whistleblower Directive: deadline for internal channels in mid-sized firms","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-9331800c22","date":"2023-12-06","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"SVK","program_id":"svk-uoo-rewards","category":"context","title":"New Slovak government approves fast-track amendment narrowing whistleblower protection","description":"The government approves, without consultation, a draft that would narrow 'qualified report', let employers seek review of protections, exclude police and allow retroactive revision of protections; not debated in parliament by end-2023.","source_id":"svk-uoo-vs-2023","location":"PDF p. 71 (printed p. 70), chapter 10","quote":"6. decembra 2023 vláda odsúhlasila návrh novely, ktorej nepredchádzala žiadna odborná a vecná diskusia.","countries":"","short_title":"New Slovak government approves fast-track amendment narrowing whistleblower protection","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-78868b311b","date":"2023-09-29","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"Largest stand-alone Rule 21F-17 penalty: D.E. Shaw ($10 million)","description":"SEC charged D.E. Shaw & Co. for agreements that impeded reporting to the SEC; $10 million civil penalty.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2023","location":"p. 7","quote":"an action that resulted in a $10 million civil penalty, the largest ever for a stand-alone Rule 21F-17 action","countries":"","short_title":"Largest stand-alone Rule 21F-17 penalty: D.E. Shaw ($10 million)","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-428c3cdda6","date":"2023-09-22","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Public-interest rewards for recoveries by public institutions take effect","description":"For public-interest reports filed on or after 22 Sep 2023, rewards can be paid for recoveries or revenue increases of public institutions, not only central and local government.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2025","location":"PDF p. 89 (report p. 88)","quote":"for reports filed on or after September 22, 2023, a whistleblower may apply for a reward not only for the direct recovery or increase of revenue for the central government or a local government, but also for that of a public institution","countries":"","short_title":"Public-interest rewards for recoveries by public institutions take effect","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-ce9e973c1d","date":"2023-09-19","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC finds CBRE, Inc. violated Rule 21F-17","description":"Employees had to represent they had not filed complaints with any federal agency to receive separation pay.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2023","location":"p. 8, footnote 19","quote":"See In the Matter of CBRE, Inc., File No. 3-21675 (Sept. 19, 2023)","countries":"","short_title":"SEC finds CBRE, Inc. violated Rule 21F-17","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-6f2cff3498","date":"2023-09-08","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC finds Monolith Resources violated Rule 21F-17","description":"Departing employees were required to waive rights to whistleblower awards.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2023","location":"p. 8, footnote 20","quote":"See In the Matter of Monolith Resources, LLC, File No. 3-21629 (Sept. 8, 2023)","countries":"","short_title":"SEC finds Monolith Resources violated Rule 21F-17","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-707e59681e","date":"2023-09","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"LTU","program_id":"ltu-gp-wb","category":"context","title":"Lithuanian Prosecutor's Office launches whistleblower website pranesktiesa.lt","description":"A website for whistleblowers (who can become one, how to report, laws, forms, consultation line, examples of protection and reward measures) starts operating in September 2023.","source_id":"ltu-prokuratura-veikla-2023","location":"PDF p. 25, box on the website","quote":"2023 m. rugsėjo mėn. pradėjo veikti pranešėjams","countries":"","short_title":"Lithuanian Prosecutor's Office launches whistleblower website pranesktiesa.lt","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-fc16c70dc0","date":"2023-08-09","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"IRS news release links the Whistleblower Office to ESOP compliance issues","description":"IR-2023-144 cautions plan sponsors about employee stock ownership plan compliance; the first IRS notice to tie the Whistleblower Office to a specific issue the IRS wants to pursue.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2023","location":"PDF p. 15, Outreach and Communications","quote":"On August 9, 2023, IR-2023-144 was issued to caution plan sponsors to be alert to ESOP compliance issues.","countries":"","short_title":"IRS news release links the Whistleblower Office to ESOP compliance issues","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-e765b611a5","date":"2023-07-31","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"90-day target for status-and-stage letters","description":"The Whistleblower Office sets a target of issuing Taxpayer First Act status-and-stage notices within 90 days of a written request.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2023","location":"PDF p. 24","quote":"Effective July 31, 2023, the Whistleblower Office established a target timeframe to issue the Status and Stage notice within 90 days","countries":"","short_title":"90-day target for status-and-stage letters","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-1b34844683","date":"2023-07-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"SVK","program_id":"svk-uoo-rewards","category":"legal","title":"Slovak whistleblower act amended to transpose the EU directive","description":"Amendment of Act 54/2019 (passed May 2023) widens who is protected, raises fines (from EUR 2,000 to 6,000; up to EUR 100,000 for employers) and names the Office, prosecution and administrative bodies as external channels; sanction provisions apply from 1 September 2023. Reward rules are not described as changed.","source_id":"svk-uoo-vs-2023","location":"PDF p. 71 (printed p. 70), chapter 10","quote":"Novela nadobudla účinnosť 1. júla 2023, no niektoré jej ustanovenia, ktoré sa týkajú interných systémov oznamovania a sankcií až 1. septembra 2023.","countries":"","short_title":"Slovak whistleblower act amended to transpose the EU directive","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-8276241f49","date":"2023-06-20","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"context","title":"CFTC whistleblower alert on carbon market fraud","description":"The Whistleblower Office issued an alert inviting tips on fraud and manipulation in voluntary carbon markets (wash trading, ghost credits, double counting, tokenised carbon), stressing that such tips can earn awards.","source_id":"usa-cftc-wb-ar-2023","location":"PDF p. 9 (printed 8), Section II.A","quote":"On June 20, 2023, as part of a greater, multifaceted CFTC initiative to enhance coordination, oversight, and awareness of fraud and manipulation in the voluntary carbon markets, the WBO issued an alert","countries":"","short_title":"CFTC whistleblower alert on carbon market fraud","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-bdd6828c42","date":"2023-06-16","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"legal","title":"Supreme Court: government may dismiss qui tam suits it joins at any stage (Polansky)","description":"8-1 decision (Kagan, J.): the government may move to dismiss a qui tam suit whenever it has intervened, during the seal period or later; courts apply the ordinary Rule 41(a) standard. Justice Thomas, dissenting, and Justice Kavanaugh (with Barrett), concurring, said there are substantial arguments that qui tam is inconsistent with Article II and that the Court should consider the issue in an appropriate case.","source_id":"usa-scotus-polansky-2023","location":"Syllabus, p. 2 (Held); Kavanaugh concurrence, p. 1","quote":"The Government may move to dismiss an FCA action under §3730(c)(2)(A) whenever it has intervened—whether during the seal period or later on.","countries":"","short_title":"Supreme Court: government may dismiss qui tam suits it joins at any stage (Polansky)","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-fd16618b0e","date":"2023-06-08","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"TIGTA audit: data gaps and late Taxpayer First Act notices","description":"TIGTA report 2023-35-031 finds the Whistleblower Office does not capture data to judge whether productive claims are referred, and notices to whistleblowers were not always sent or timely.","source_id":"usa-tigta-wbo-audit-2023","location":"PDF p. 2, Highlights","quote":"TIGTA found that the Whistleblower Office does not capture all of the data that could be used to determine whether the whistleblower claims with the most potential to be productive are being referred for enforcement.","countries":"","short_title":"TIGTA audit: data gaps and late Taxpayer First Act notices","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-19e1673ea0","date":"2023-06-06","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"GBR","program_id":"gbr-cma-cartel-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"CMA raises cartel informant reward cap to £250,000","description":"The Competition and Markets Authority raises the maximum reward for information about cartels from £100,000 to £250,000.","source_id":"gbr-cma-news-cartel-reward-2023","location":"news text, para 1","quote":"offering a reward of up to £250,000, increased from £100,000, to people who tell the CMA about unlawful cartel activity they have witnessed","countries":"","short_title":"CMA raises cartel informant reward cap to £250,000","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-0167675e35","date":"2023-05-23","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC charges Gaia, Inc. with whistleblower retaliation and Rule 21F-17 violations","description":"Gaia fired an employee who reported internally and to the SEC, and its severance agreements made departing employees waive whistleblower awards.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2023","location":"p. 7, footnote 16","quote":"See In the Matter of Gaia, Inc. & Paul C. Tarell, Jr., CPA, File No. 3-21438 (May 23, 2023)","countries":"","short_title":"SEC charges Gaia, Inc. with whistleblower retaliation and Rule 21F-17 violations","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-4c03725661","date":"2023-05-05","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"award","title":"SEC record award of nearly $279 million","description":"Largest SEC whistleblower award, more than double the October 2020 record of $114 million.","source_id":"usa-sec-wb-pr-2023-89","location":"para 1","quote":"more than doubling the $114 million whistleblower award the SEC issued in October 2020","countries":"","short_title":"SEC record award of nearly $279 million","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-c57506dbc3","date":"2023-05-05","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"award","title":"Record SEC award of almost $279 million","description":"Largest award in the programme's history, to one whistleblower.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2023","location":"p. 1","quote":"These totals include a single award for almost $279 million—the largest in the history of the Program.","countries":"","short_title":"Record SEC award of almost $279 million","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-5c93184168","date":"2023-05-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"context","title":"Public Funds Recovery Division takes over subsidy-fraud reports","description":"The Public Funds Recovery System Division and the Center for Reporting Welfare and Subsidy Fraud merged into a new Public Funds Recovery Division.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2023","location":"p. 70","quote":"on May 1, 2023 ... the 「Public Funds Recovery Division」, which is an integration of the existing 'Public Funds Recovery System Division' and the 'Center for Reporting Welfare and Subsidy Fraud', has been newly launched","countries":"","short_title":"Public Funds Recovery Division takes over subsidy-fraud reports","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-10982fb51a","date":"2023-04-14","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-nhtsa-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"NHTSA proposes whistleblower rules (49 CFR Part 513)","description":"Proposed rule implementing 49 U.S.C. 30172.","source_id":"usa-nhtsa-wb-nprm-2023","location":"PDF p. 1 (88 FR 23276), DATES","quote":"All comments should be submitted early enough to ensure that the Department of Transportation Docket Management receives them not later than June 13, 2023.","countries":"","short_title":"NHTSA proposes whistleblower rules (49 CFR Part 513)","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-38b0f27349","date":"2023-03-27","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC refuses to pay awards on what it could have collected, on bankruptcy recoveries, or above the 30% cap","description":"In an award order the Commission held that awards are based on sanctions actually collected, not on amounts it was able to collect, that recoveries in bankruptcy proceedings are not monetary sanctions in a covered or related action, and that it will not use its Section 36(a) exemptive authority to pay more than the statutory 30% maximum.","source_id":"usa-sec-wb-order-files-award-and-denial-orders-32723","location":"pp. 6-8, section III.A.2","quote":"we have never used our discretion under Section 36(a)(1) of the Exchange Act to exempt a whistleblower from a statutory requirement or to approve an award amount above the statutory limit.","countries":"","short_title":"SEC refuses to pay awards on what it could have collected, on bankruptcy recoveries, or above the 30% cap","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-7ca2515e89","date":"2023-03-09","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"CAN","program_id":"can-osc-wb","category":"context","title":"OSC publishes its 2016-2022 Whistleblower Program update","description":"The OSC publishes an update on its Whistleblower Program covering the launch period and its first five fiscal years (to 31 March 2022).","source_id":"can-osc-nr-award-2023-03-20","location":"news release, para 6","quote":"On March 9, 2023, the OSC published an update on the OSC Whistleblower Program","countries":"","short_title":"OSC publishes its 2016-2022 Whistleblower Program update","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-c52d50790f","date":"2023-03","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Public-interest rewards extended to recoveries by public corporations","description":"Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act amended so rewards can be paid when public institutions such as public corporations, not only national and local governments, recover revenue.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2023","location":"p. 12 and 72","quote":"the 「Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act」 was revised in March to allow monetary rewards to be paid even if the revenue of not only public institutions such as national and local governments as well as public corporations / organizations for public interest, is recovered or increased","countries":"","short_title":"Public-interest rewards extended to recoveries by public corporations","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-1cc7d6171a","date":"2023-02-14","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"INTL","program_id":"","category":"legal","title":"ECHR Grand Chamber: Halet v. Luxembourg","description":"LuxLeaks whistleblower Raphaël Halet's conviction violated Article 10 (freedom of expression); EUR 15,000 damages plus EUR 40,000 costs.","source_id":"intl-echr-halet-gc-2023","location":"operative provisions","quote":"Holds, by twelve votes to five, that there has been a violation of Article 10","countries":"","short_title":"ECHR Grand Chamber: Halet v. Luxembourg","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-6207692f2b","date":"2023-02-03","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC finds Activision Blizzard violated Rule 21F-17","description":"Separation agreements required former employees to notify the company of requests for information from SEC staff.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2023","location":"p. 7, footnote 18","quote":"See In the Matter of Activision Blizzard, Inc., File No. 3-21294 (Feb. 3, 2023)","countries":"","short_title":"SEC finds Activision Blizzard violated Rule 21F-17","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-f0494a3162","date":"2023-01-12","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC cuts an award because the whistleblower offered to withhold the tip in exchange for a settlement from the company","description":"In an award order the Commission gave a lower percentage to a claimant who, through counsel, tried to trade the tip for a cash settlement from the company and offered to withhold it from the SEC, finding this contrary to the law enforcement interest and the goals of the programme.","source_id":"usa-sec-wb-order-34-96642","location":"pp. 4-5, section II.A and footnote 16","quote":"the whistleblower program does not condone a claimant attempting to trade a whistleblower tip for a monetary payment from the company allegedly engaged in the misconduct.","countries":"","short_title":"SEC cuts an award because the whistleblower offered to withhold the tip in exchange for a settlement from the company","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-2ee95e563b","date":"2023","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"SVK","program_id":"svk-uoo-rewards","category":"scandal","title":"Interior ministry suspends 11 protected police whistleblowers without the Office's consent","description":"The Ministry of Interior temporarily removed from service 11 police officers holding protected-whistleblower status without asking the Office first; the Office opened administrative proceedings.","source_id":"svk-uoo-vs-2023","location":"PDF p. 15 (printed p. 14), section 2.1","quote":"Bez predchádzajúceho súhlasu ÚOO dočasne postavilo mimo výkonu štátnej služby 11 policajtov, ktorí mali status chráneného oznamovateľa.","countries":"","short_title":"Interior ministry suspends 11 protected police whistleblowers without the Office's consent","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-d358b80220","date":"2023","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"scandal","title":"Bribery scheme to manipulate the IRS whistleblower programme; two arrested","description":"In FY2023 an FBI/TIGTA criminal investigation, assisted by the Whistleblower Office, into matters including an attempt to manipulate the IRS whistleblower programme led to the arrest of two external individuals (not named in the report; date within FY2023 not given).","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2023","location":"PDF p. 7, Assistance with Bribery Investigation","quote":"The investigation, conducted by the FBI and TIGTA, resulted in the arrest of two external individuals.","countries":"","short_title":"Bribery scheme to manipulate the IRS whistleblower programme; two arrested","plain_summary":"","year":"2023"},{"event_id":"e-6bd2a023cf","date":"2022-12-29","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fincen-aml-wb","category":"legal","title":"AML Whistleblower Improvement Act","description":"Extends the programme to sanctions (IEEPA, TWEA) and Kingpin Act violations, sets a 10 percent minimum award and creates the Financial Integrity Fund.","source_id":"usa-fincen-wb-nprm-2026","location":"PDF p. 2 (91 FR 16329), section II.A","quote":"The AML Whistleblower Improvement Act mandated that eligible whistleblowers receive a minimum of 10 percent of monetary sanctions collected in covered actions or related actions","countries":"","short_title":"AML Whistleblower Improvement Act","plain_summary":"","year":"2022"},{"event_id":"e-224098d254","date":"2022-12-29","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fincen-aml-wb","category":"legal","title":"AML Whistleblower Improvement Act enacted (Pub. L. 117-328, div. AA, title IV)","description":"Section 401 rewrote 31 U.S.C. 5323(b): awards become mandatory at 10 to 30 percent of collected sanctions, paid from a new revolving Financial Integrity Fund (no longer subject to appropriations), and the programme covers sanctions (IEEPA, TWEA) and Kingpin Act violations.","source_id":"usa-congress-pl117-328-2022","location":"PDF p. 1078 (136 Stat. 5536), sec. 401(a)","quote":"(A) not less than 10 percent, in total, of what has been collected of the monetary sanctions imposed in the action or related actions; and (B) not more than 30 percent","countries":"","short_title":"AML Whistleblower Improvement Act enacted (Pub. L. 117-328, div. AA, title IV)","plain_summary":"","year":"2022"},{"event_id":"e-5ec325bb7f","date":"2022-12-29","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"legal","title":"Congress lets the CFTC move up to $10 million more out of its whistleblower fund","description":"Division HH, title II, sec. 301 amends Pub. L. 117-25: the CFTC may transfer up to $10,000,000 more from the Customer Protection Fund into the separate account, and the account's availability is extended until 1 October 2024.","source_id":"usa-congress-pl117-328-2022","location":"Div. HH, title II, sec. 301, 136 Stat. 5984 (PDF p. 1526)","quote":"the Commission may transfer up to $10,000,000 from the Fund into the account","countries":"","short_title":"Congress lets the CFTC move up to $10 million more out of its whistleblower fund","plain_summary":"","year":"2022"},{"event_id":"e-145e03a43f","date":"2022-12-19","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC Inspector General audit of the whistleblower programme (Report No. 575)","description":"Found a claims backlog (average 1,116 days from NoCA close to Final Order, FY2017-21), Claims Review Staff decisions approved with most members absent or recused, inaccurate tracking data and slow hotline responses; eight recommendations, all accepted.","source_id":"usa-sec-oig-575-2022","location":"Executive summary, p. i","quote":"The report contains eight recommendations that should help further increase efficiencies, better prepare for future whistleblower program growth","countries":"","short_title":"SEC Inspector General audit of the whistleblower programme (Report No. 575)","plain_summary":"","year":"2022"},{"event_id":"e-ee2a78cfa0","date":"2022-12-13","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"","category":"scandal","title":"Danske Bank pleads guilty; $2 billion forfeiture","description":"Resolution of the Estonian branch laundering case exposed by Howard Wilkinson.","source_id":"usa-doj-danske-plea-pr-2022","location":"subheading","quote":"Largest Bank in Denmark Agrees to Forfeit $2 Billion","countries":"","short_title":"Danske Bank pleads guilty; $2 billion forfeiture","plain_summary":"","year":"2022"},{"event_id":"e-0efe33bdb8","date":"2022-12","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"GHA","program_id":"gha-whistleblower-fund","category":"rule_change","title":"Cabinet approves amendment to operationalise the Reward Fund","description":"Ghana's Attorney-General says Cabinet approved an amendment so that 10% of income generated by a whistleblower's efforts is paid to them, to be laid before Parliament.","source_id":"gha-gna-amendment-2022","location":"article text","quote":"Ten (10) percent of the income directly generated by the whistleblower's efforts which were paid to the whistleblower, was approved by Cabinet last week and would be laid in Parliament before the end of the year.","countries":"","short_title":"Cabinet approves amendment to operationalise the Reward Fund","plain_summary":"","year":"2022"},{"event_id":"e-d86938dc46","date":"2022-10-20","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"IRS Whistleblower Summit","description":"Formal summit at IRS headquarters with the whistleblower community and IRS business units, opened by the IRS Commissioner.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2022","location":"PDF p. 15, Administrative Priorities","quote":"A formal Whistleblower Summit was held on October 20, 2022, at IRS headquarters","countries":"","short_title":"IRS Whistleblower Summit","plain_summary":"","year":"2022"},{"event_id":"e-d24f6d6dae","date":"2022-10-03","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"2022 whistleblower rule amendments take effect","description":"Amendments adopted 26 Aug 2022 take effect: broader payment for related non-SEC actions and authority to consider the dollar amount only to increase an award.","source_id":"usa-sec-oig-575-2022","location":"PDF p. 8 (printed p. 2), Background","quote":"On August 26, 2022, the SEC adopted two additional amendments to Rule 21F, which became effective on October 3, 2022.","countries":"","short_title":"2022 whistleblower rule amendments take effect","plain_summary":"","year":"2022"},{"event_id":"e-1a042d3fd9","date":"2022-09-02","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"SEC amends whistleblower rules (2022)","description":"Amendments published at 87 FR 54150-54151: related actions also covered by another award programme (21F-3(b)(3)) and the SEC may consider the dollar amount of an award only to increase it (21F-6(d)).","source_id":"usa-ecfr-17cfr240-21f-2026","location":"Amendment notes to 17 CFR 240.21F-3, -6","quote":"[76 FR 34363, June 13, 2011, as amended at 85 FR 70943, Nov. 5, 2020; 87 FR 54150, Sept. 2, 2022]","countries":"","short_title":"SEC amends whistleblower rules (2022)","plain_summary":"","year":"2022"},{"event_id":"e-96820222a5","date":"2022-09","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Publication 5251 (claim process) updated","description":"The IRS updates Publication 5251, The Whistleblower Claim Process, clarifying information on the programme.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2022","location":"PDF p. 15, Administrative Priorities","quote":"The IRS updated Publication 5251 (The Whistleblower Claim Process) in September 2022","countries":"","short_title":"Publication 5251 (claim process) updated","plain_summary":"","year":"2022"},{"event_id":"e-b2b12f1a29","date":"2022-08-26","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"SEC adopts 2022 whistleblower rule amendments","description":"Effective 3 Oct 2022: awards allowed on related actions covered by other agencies' programmes in some cases; 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(promulgated on December 7, 2021, and enforced on June 8, 2022)","countries":"","short_title":"Proxy (non-real-name) reporting under the Graft Act","plain_summary":"","year":"2022"},{"event_id":"e-5ce5631949","date":"2022-05-19","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"legal","title":"Conflict of Interest Prevention Act takes effect","description":"New law with mandatory reports by officials and violation reports by the public; one of the five anti-corruption laws whose reporter protection and reward rules the ACRC plans to unify.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2022","location":"p. 36 and 89 (PDF)","quote":"With the enforcement of the Conflict of Interest Prevention Act on May 19, 2022","countries":"","short_title":"Conflict of Interest Prevention Act takes effect","plain_summary":"","year":"2022"},{"event_id":"e-a6172c05bf","date":"2022-05-09","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"John W. 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Commissioner, 159 T.C. No. 1 (2022), the Tax Court held that IRC 6103(h)(4)(A) allows disclosure of a larger part of the target taxpayer's return information in certain whistleblower appeals.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2022","location":"PDF p. 16, Issues of Interest","quote":"the USTC opinion in the case Whistleblower 972-17W v. Commissioner, 159 T.C. 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Collector’s Coffee","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-c85947ecd9","date":"2021-11-09","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-nhtsa-wb","category":"award","title":"NHTSA's first whistleblower award: more than $24 million (Hyundai/Kia)","description":"First award under NHTSA's vehicle-safety whistleblower authority.","source_id":"usa-nhtsa-pr-first-wb-award-2021","location":"para 1","quote":"The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration today announced it is making its first ever whistleblower award.","countries":"","short_title":"NHTSA's first whistleblower award: more than $24 million (Hyundai/Kia)","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-2dcf91fe11","date":"2021-11-09","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-nhtsa-wb","category":"award","title":"NHTSA's first whistleblower award ($24.3 million)","description":"NHTSA announces its first award, the statutory maximum of 30 percent of $81 million collected from Hyundai and Kia over Theta II engine recalls.","source_id":"usa-nhtsa-pr-first-wb-award-2021","location":"press release, para 1","quote":"The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration today announced it is making its first ever whistleblower award.","countries":"","short_title":"NHTSA's first whistleblower award ($24.3 million)","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-e88da859d3","date":"2021-10-21","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"award","title":"CFTC record award of nearly $200 million","description":"Largest award to a single whistleblower at the time; press reports tie it to Deutsche Bank's Libor case.","source_id":"usa-cftc-wb-pr-8453-21","location":"subheading","quote":"Largest Award to a Single Whistleblower","countries":"","short_title":"CFTC record award of nearly $200 million","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-7e83fc37f2","date":"2021-10-21","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"award","title":"Record CFTC award of nearly $200 million","description":"Largest Dodd-Frank whistleblower award at that time.","source_id":"usa-cftc-wb-ar-2022","location":"p. 4","quote":"an unprecedented award of nearly $200 million to a single whistleblower","countries":"","short_title":"Record CFTC award of nearly $200 million","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-c0796e0e25","date":"2021-10-06","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"context","title":"DOJ launches the Civil Cyber-Fraud Initiative","description":"The Deputy Attorney General announced an initiative to use the False Claims Act against misrepresentations by contractors about cybersecurity of IT, software and cloud services bought by the government.","source_id":"usa-doj-fca-pr-fy2021","location":"\"Cybersecurity\" section, para 1","quote":"On Oct. 6, 2021, the Deputy Attorney General announced the department’s Civil Cyber-Fraud Initiative to use the False Claims Act to combat new and emerging cyber threats.","countries":"","short_title":"DOJ launches the Civil Cyber-Fraud Initiative","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-0dffd8cfa3","date":"2021-10","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"context","title":"Record CFTC award exceeds the fund balance","description":"The final award of nearly $200 million (October 2021) created an obligation larger than the Customer Protection Fund's available balance; the CFTC paid non-whistleblower costs from the $10 million separate account until sanctions collections refilled the Fund (a $242.8 million collection arrived on 8 June 2022).","source_id":"usa-cftc-wb-ar-2022","location":"Appendix, financial statements Note 1N (PDF p. 38; image page, quoted from OCR)","quote":"In October 2021, the Commission issued a final whistleblower award of nearly $200,000,000, resulting in an obligation that exceeded the available balance of the Fund.","countries":"","short_title":"Record CFTC award exceeds the fund balance","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-d07ec99edd","date":"2021-09-28","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC bars two individuals from the whistleblower award programme","description":"Release 2021-199.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-press-releases-list-2026","location":"list row dated Sept. 28, 2021, Release No. 2021-199","quote":"SEC Bars Two Individuals from Whistleblower Award Program","countries":"","short_title":"SEC bars two individuals from the whistleblower award programme","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-ab4e7ef33e","date":"2021-09-15","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"award","title":"SEC cumulative awards pass $1 billion","description":"Two awards totalling $114 million took total awards above $1 billion.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2021","location":"p. 1, footnote 1","quote":"Press Release, SEC Surpasses $1 Billion in Awards to Whistleblowers with Two Awards Totaling $114 Million, No. 2021-117 (Sept. 15, 2021).","countries":"","short_title":"SEC cumulative awards pass $1 billion","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-0586c19150","date":"2021-09-14","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC bars a claimant for frivolous award claims for the first time","description":"First permanent bar under Rule 21F-8(e): the claimant had filed hundreds of frivolous claims (Rel. 92969). A second individual was barred on 28 Sep 2021 (Rel. 93145).","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2021","location":"p. 21 (printed)","quote":"On September 14, 2021, the Commission for the first time barred a claimant under","countries":"","short_title":"SEC bars a claimant for frivolous award claims for the first time","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-294246fd11","date":"2021-09-02","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"SVK","program_id":"svk-uoo-rewards","category":"launch","title":"Slovak Whistleblower Protection Office opens","description":"The Úrad na ochranu oznamovateľov, set up under Act 54/2019, starts operating; it protects whistleblowers, takes reports and decides on rewards.","source_id":"svk-uoo-vs-2021","location":"PDF p. 9","quote":"Úrad na ochranu oznamovateľov začal oficiálne fungovať a ponúkať svoje služby 2. septembra 2021.","countries":"","short_title":"Slovak Whistleblower Protection Office opens","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-1c26fd432c","date":"2021-08-02","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"SEC Chair directs staff to reconsider parts of the 2020 award rules","description":"Chair Gensler directed staff to consider revising Rule 21F-6 (use of the award dollar amount) and Rule 21F-3 (related-action awards where another programme applies), after concerns from the whistleblower community.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2021","location":"p. 3 (printed)","quote":"on August 2, 2021, Chair Gensler announced that he was directing staff to","countries":"","short_title":"SEC Chair directs staff to reconsider parts of the 2020 award rules","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-55e797a86f","date":"2021-07-21","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"Court upholds SEC Rule 21F-17 claim in SEC v. 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L. 117-25 moved $10 million to a separate account to fund non-whistleblower costs (WBO and customer education) when the Fund is insufficient, available until 1 Oct 2022.","source_id":"usa-cftc-wb-ar-2021","location":"p. 13, footnote 28","quote":"On July 6, 2021, Pub. L. 117-25 set aside $10 million from the Fund in a separate account to fund non-whistleblower costs when the unobligated balance of the Fund is insufficient.","countries":"","short_title":"Congress sets aside $10 million of the CFTC Customer Protection Fund","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-60ac8fa421","date":"2021-06-23","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC charges Guggenheim Securities with impeding employees (Rule 21F-17)","description":"Compliance policies and training required prior approval before employees contacted any regulator.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2021","location":"p. 3 (printed)","quote":"On June 23, 2021, the Commission","countries":"","short_title":"SEC charges Guggenheim Securities with impeding employees (Rule 21F-17)","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-95faa6c6a0","date":"2021-06-10","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"First Whistleblower Round Table Discussion","description":"The Whistleblower Office holds its first round table with industry representatives.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2021","location":"PDF p. 7, Outreach and Communications","quote":"On June 10, 2021, the Whistleblower Office held its first ever Whistleblower Round Table Discussion.","countries":"","short_title":"First Whistleblower Round Table Discussion","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-2c22a7fe80","date":"2021-06-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"SVK","program_id":"svk-pmu-cartel-rewards","category":"legal","title":"New Slovak Competition Act keeps the cartel informant reward","description":"Act 187/2021 replaces Act 136/2001 and keeps the 1% / EUR 100,000 reward in § 53, as a legal entitlement.","source_id":"svk-zz-2021-187-competition-act","location":"Čl. IV (final article)","quote":"Tento zákon nadobúda účinnosť 1. júna 2021.","countries":"","short_title":"New Slovak Competition Act keeps the cartel informant reward","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-71711f5de0","date":"2021-06","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"IRS Whistleblower Office starts recording the type of allegation on each claim","description":"A claim-issue field added to e-Trak in FY2021 began to be completed in June 2021, letting the office report the most common allegations (unreported income first) in its FY2021 annual report.","source_id":"usa-tigta-wbo-audit-2023","location":"PDF p. 17 (printed p. 13)","quote":"In June 2021, the Whistleblower Office started completing the claim issue field to compile data on e-Trak pertaining to the type of allegations submitted on Form 211.","countries":"","short_title":"IRS Whistleblower Office starts recording the type of allegation on each claim","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-ef9fdccc6a","date":"2021-05-11","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"INTL","program_id":"","category":"legal","title":"ECHR Chamber finds no violation in Halet v. Luxembourg","description":"A Chamber of the European Court of Human Rights held, by five votes to two, that Halet's conviction did not violate Article 10; the case was referred to the Grand Chamber on 6 September 2021.","source_id":"intl-echr-halet-gc-2023","location":"paras 5 and 63, PDF p. 4 and 32","quote":"by five votes to two, that there had been no violation of Article 10 of the Convention","countries":"","short_title":"ECHR Chamber finds no violation in Halet v. Luxembourg","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-aac7f0bdb0","date":"2021-05","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fincen-aml-wb","category":"launch","title":"FinCEN starts receiving whistleblower tips","description":"Since May 2021 whistleblowers have been sending tips, mainly by email, to FinCEN's Office of the Whistleblower, which reviews and shares them with FinCEN Enforcement, OFAC and DOJ.","source_id":"usa-fincen-wb-nprm-2026","location":"PDF p. 26 (91 FR 16353)","quote":"since May 2021, whistleblowers have been submitting tips","countries":"","short_title":"FinCEN starts receiving whistleblower tips","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-7512b83259","date":"2021-04-08","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"context","title":"Head of SEC Whistleblower Office to leave","description":"Jane Norberg, Chief of the Office of the Whistleblower, announced to leave (Release 2021-59).","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-press-releases-list-2021","location":"list row dated April 8, 2021, Release No. 2021-59","quote":"Jane Norberg, Chief of the SEC's Office of the Whistleblower, to Leave Agency","countries":"","short_title":"Head of SEC Whistleblower Office to leave","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-85086cc45a","date":"2021-02-04","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC sues GPB Capital, including Rule 21F-17 and retaliation charges","description":"Complaint alleging agreements that impeded former employees from contacting the SEC and retaliation against a known whistleblower; pending in federal court in New York.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2021","location":"pp. 2-3 (printed)","quote":"On February 4, 2021, the Commission filed a","countries":"","short_title":"SEC sues GPB Capital, including Rule 21F-17 and retaliation charges","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-b758fa4230","date":"2021-01-28","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"context","title":"Record year for reward payments (2020)","description":"The ACRC reports KRW 5.53 billion in rewards, awards and relief paid in 2020, the largest yearly total so far, with KRW 71.2 billion recovered.","source_id":"kor-acrc-pr-2021-01-28","location":"p. 1","quote":"지난 한 해 동안 지급한 부패‧공익 신고 보상금 등 55억여 원은 역대 최대 규모다","countries":"","short_title":"Record year for reward payments (2020)","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-6449f67153","date":"2021-01-07","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"","category":"scandal","title":"Boeing 737 MAX deferred prosecution agreement, over $2.5 billion","description":"Boeing charged with conspiracy to defraud the FAA.","source_id":"usa-doj-boeing-dpa-pr-2021","location":"headline","quote":"Boeing Charged with 737 Max Fraud Conspiracy and Agrees to Pay over $2.5 Billion","countries":"","short_title":"Boeing 737 MAX deferred prosecution agreement, over $2.5 billion","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-1b3649c350","date":"2021-01-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fincen-aml-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020 (NDAA FY2021, section 6314) updates AML whistleblower awards","description":"Section 6314 rewrote 31 U.S.C. 5323: awards of up to 30% of sanctions collected in Bank Secrecy Act actions over $1 million.","source_id":"usa-congress-pl116-283-2021","location":"Sec. 6314, 134 Stat. 4599 (PDF p. 1213)","quote":"in an aggregate amount equal to not more than 30 percent, in total, of what has been collected of the monetary sanctions imposed in the action or related actions","countries":"","short_title":"Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020 (NDAA FY2021, section 6314) updates AML whistleblower awards","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-6f61f8c8c3","date":"2021-01-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fincen-aml-wb","category":"legal","title":"Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020 rewrites the BSA whistleblower provision","description":"Section 6314 of the AML Act (in the FY21 NDAA) replaces the old informant rewards with awards of up to 30 percent of sanctions over $1 million, subject to appropriations.","source_id":"usa-fincen-wb-nprm-2026","location":"PDF p. 1 (91 FR 16328), section II.A","quote":"On January 1, 2021, Congress enacted the FY21 NDAA, which included the AML Act as a component.","countries":"","short_title":"Anti-Money Laundering Act of 2020 rewrites the BSA whistleblower provision","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-62f9f10341","date":"2021-01-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-treasury-karrp","category":"legal","title":"Kleptocracy Asset Recovery Rewards Act enacted","description":"FY21 NDAA creates a three-year Treasury pilot paying up to $5 million per reward for information leading to recovery of stolen assets linked to foreign corruption.","source_id":"usa-pl-116-283-ndaa-fy2021","location":"sec. 9703(a)(1), 134 Stat. 4834","quote":"There is established in the Department of the Treasury a program to be known as the","countries":"","short_title":"Kleptocracy Asset Recovery Rewards Act enacted","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-b31da2afb9","date":"2021-01","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"legal","title":"NDAA 2021 creates overlapping FinCEN award for FBAR penalties","description":"The IRS notes that the FY2021 National Defense Authorization Act (section 6314) rewrote the FinCEN whistleblower statute (31 U.S.C. 5323), which, like IRC 7623 since 2018, authorises awards for FBAR penalties.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2021","location":"PDF p. 8, Legislative changes resulting in overlapping whistleblower statutes","quote":"In January 2021, Congress passed the William M. (Mac) Thornberry National Defense Authorization Act for FY 2021 (NDAA 2021).","countries":"","short_title":"NDAA 2021 creates overlapping FinCEN award for FBAR penalties","plain_summary":"","year":"2021"},{"event_id":"e-29eebc6934","date":"2020-12-18","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC counts receiver distributions to investors as collected sanctions for an award","description":"In an award order the Commission treated amounts distributed to investors by the court-appointed receiver in the covered action as collected monetary sanctions under Section 21F(b)(1) when paying the award.","source_id":"usa-sec-wb-order-34-90721","location":"p. 3, footnote 7","quote":"We have determined to treat as collected sanctions under Section 21F(b)(1) of the Exchange Act those amounts distributed to investors by the court-appointed receiver","countries":"","short_title":"SEC counts receiver distributions to investors as collected sanctions for an award","plain_summary":"","year":"2020"},{"event_id":"e-3f28abf5eb","date":"2020-12-07","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"2020 whistleblower rule amendments take effect","description":"Amendments adopted 23 Sep 2020 take effect, including the presumption of a maximum 30% award for awards of $5 million or less.","source_id":"usa-sec-oig-575-2022","location":"PDF p. 8 (printed p. 2), Background","quote":"On September 23, 2020, the SEC adopted amendments to Rule 21F, which became effective on December 7, 2020.","countries":"","short_title":"2020 whistleblower rule amendments take effect","plain_summary":"","year":"2020"},{"event_id":"e-e0dd7560ae","date":"2020-12-07","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"SEC 2020 whistleblower rule amendments take effect","description":"The amendments adopted on 23 Sep 2020 (30% presumption for awards up to $5 million, summary dispositions, bars for frivolous claimants, DPAs/NPAs as covered or related actions) became effective.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2021","location":"p. 3 (printed)","quote":"which became effective on December 7, 2020","countries":"","short_title":"SEC 2020 whistleblower rule amendments take effect","plain_summary":"","year":"2020"},{"event_id":"e-4155f07c72","date":"2020-11-23","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-nhtsa-wb","category":"legal","title":"Consent orders with Hyundai and Kia ($210 million in civil penalties)","description":"NHTSA enters consent orders with Hyundai Motor America and Kia Motors America over untimely Theta II engine recalls and inaccurate reporting; $81 million paid in cash, the rest deferred or performance obligations.","source_id":"usa-nhtsa-wb-award-2021-0001","location":"PDF p. 2 (printed 2)","quote":"On November 23, 2020, the Agency entered into a Consent Order with Hyundai Motor America","countries":"","short_title":"Consent orders with Hyundai and Kia ($210 million in civil penalties)","plain_summary":"","year":"2020"},{"event_id":"e-c3d89b772a","date":"2020-11-20","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Laws covered by the public-interest reporting act rise from 284 to 467","description":"Amendment passed April 2020, proclaimed May 2020 and in force 20 Nov 2020: 182 laws added (incl. child abuse, sexual crimes, Military Service Act), 3 repealed laws deleted, 4 branched laws added.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2020","location":"p. 11-12, 79 (PDF p. 13-14, 81)","quote":"The amended Act on Protection of Public Interest Reporters that passed the National Assembly plenary session was proclaimed in May 2020 and enforced from November 20, 2020.","countries":"","short_title":"Laws covered by the public-interest reporting act rise from 284 to 467","plain_summary":"","year":"2020"},{"event_id":"e-e6330936d0","date":"2020-11-05","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"SEC amends whistleblower rules (2020)","description":"Amendments published at 85 FR 70943-70947: among others the presumption of the maximum award for awards of $5 million or less (21F-6(c)), permanent bars for frivolous applications (21F-8(e)) and summary disposition of claims (new 21F-18).","source_id":"usa-ecfr-17cfr240-21f-2026","location":"Amendment notes to 17 CFR 240.21F-3, -6, -8, -18","quote":"[76 FR 34363, June 13, 2011, as amended at 85 FR 70943, Nov. 5, 2020","countries":"","short_title":"SEC amends whistleblower rules (2020)","plain_summary":"","year":"2020"},{"event_id":"e-5802653e39","date":"2020-10-22","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"award","title":"Record SEC award of $114 million","description":"Largest award to that date.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2020","location":"p. 1, fn 2","quote":"the Commission issued the largest award to date under the program when it granted a $114 million award to a whistleblower","countries":"","short_title":"Record SEC award of $114 million","plain_summary":"","year":"2020"},{"event_id":"e-0dadd3d91f","date":"2020-09-23","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"SEC adopts 2020 whistleblower rule amendments","description":"Effective 7 Dec 2020: presumption of maximum award for awards of $5m or less; awards based on DOJ DPAs/NPAs and SEC non-judicial settlements; uniform 'whistleblower' definition after Digital Realty (must report in writing to the SEC).","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2020","location":"p. 33 (printed)","quote":"On September 23, 2020, the Commission voted to adopt amendments to the Whistleblower Rules ... The amendments will become effective on December 7, 2020.","countries":"","short_title":"SEC adopts 2020 whistleblower rule amendments","plain_summary":"","year":"2020"},{"event_id":"e-5600521866","date":"2020-06-11","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Heavier penalties for disclosing a corruption reporter's identity","description":"ACRC Act amended 10 Dec 2019 (in force 11 Jun 2020): disclosure of a reporter's identity punishable by up to 5 years or KRW 50 million (was 3 years or KRW 30 million); non-compliance with temporary suspension up to 1 year or KRW 10 million (was 6 months or KRW 5 million).","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2019","location":"PDF p. 91 (report p. 93)","quote":"The amendment of the ACRC Act on December 10, 2019, which will take effect on June 11, 2020, substantially strengthened the level of punishment","countries":"","short_title":"Heavier penalties for disclosing a corruption reporter's identity","plain_summary":"","year":"2020"},{"event_id":"e-30c2653a79","date":"2020-06-04","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"award","title":"Record SEC award of nearly $50 million to one individual","description":"Then the largest single-person award.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2020","location":"p. 10 (printed)","quote":"On June 4, 2020, the Commission announced a nearly $50 million whistleblower award to an individual","countries":"","short_title":"Record SEC award of nearly $50 million to one individual","plain_summary":"","year":"2020"},{"event_id":"e-d1ce3c7372","date":"2020-04-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"First IRS Whistleblower Program Forum","description":"The Whistleblower Office holds its first Whistleblower Program Forum with industry representatives.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2020","location":"PDF p. 6, Outreach and Communications","quote":"On April 30, 2020, the Whistleblower Office held its first ever Whistleblower Program Forum.","countries":"","short_title":"First IRS Whistleblower Program Forum","plain_summary":"","year":"2020"},{"event_id":"e-335d680f8c","date":"2020-04-28","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"context","title":"ACRC creates an Illicit Profit Recovery Institution Division","description":"New division to run the Public Funds Recovery Act institutions (five more staff).","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2020","location":"p. 17 (PDF p. 19)","quote":"Illicit Profit Recovery Institution Division has been newly established ... (implemented on Apr. 28, ‘20)","countries":"","short_title":"ACRC creates an Illicit Profit Recovery Institution Division","plain_summary":"","year":"2020"},{"event_id":"e-88b34ee4cd","date":"2020-03","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"COVID-19 suspends intake and award issuance","description":"Office closures delay intake of new Form 211 submissions by two and a half months; award issuance suspended for a month; in-person reviews of claim files suspended indefinitely. Month approximate (the report gives durations, not dates; mail processing resumed in June 2020).","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2020","location":"PDF p. 5, Operations","quote":"Processing of new Form 211 submissions (intake) was delayed two and a half months","countries":"","short_title":"COVID-19 suspends intake and award issuance","plain_summary":"","year":"2020"},{"event_id":"e-1ab6181929","date":"2020-02-21","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"","category":"scandal","title":"Wells Fargo pays $3 billion over fake accounts","description":"DOJ/SEC resolution of the sales-practices scandal.","source_id":"usa-doj-wells-fargo-pr-2020","location":"headline","quote":"Wells Fargo Agrees to Pay $3 Billion to Resolve Criminal and Civil Investigations into Sales Practices","countries":"","short_title":"Wells Fargo pays $3 billion over fake accounts","plain_summary":"","year":"2020"},{"event_id":"e-0cdaeb4c06","date":"2020-01-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"launch","title":"Public Funds Recovery Act takes effect with 30% rewards","description":"The Act on the Prohibition of Fraudulent Claims for Public Funds and the Recovery of Unjust Profits (enacted 16 Apr 2019) takes effect: fraudulent claims are recovered in full with surcharges up to five times, and reporters get 30% of the recovery, up to KRW 3 billion.","source_id":"kor-moleg-pfra-decree-2020","location":"reason statement (제정이유)","quote":"30억원 한도 내에서 보상대상가액의 30퍼센트에 해당하는 보상금을 지급할 수 있음","countries":"","short_title":"Public Funds Recovery Act takes effect with 30% rewards","plain_summary":"","year":"2020"},{"event_id":"e-d090341a63","date":"2019-12-03","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"IRS and TTB memorandum on whistleblower claims","description":"Memorandum of Understanding with the Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau sets procedures for whistleblower award claims under internal revenue laws that TTB administers (announced 11 Dec 2019).","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2020","location":"PDF p. 5, Operations","quote":"The IRS and TTB signed a Memorandum of Understanding on December 3, 2019, making these new procedures possible.","countries":"","short_title":"IRS and TTB memorandum on whistleblower claims","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-c2f6ab6028","date":"2019-11-04","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC adds Rule 21F-17 charge against Collector’s Coffee","description":"Amended complaint charging defendants with impeding harmed investors from reporting to the SEC through settlement terms, and suing two investors who did.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2020","location":"p. 3 (printed), footnote 4","quote":"Amended Complaint & Demand for Jury Trial, U.S. Sec. & Exch. Comm’n v. Collector’s Coffee, Inc.","countries":"","short_title":"SEC adds Rule 21F-17 charge against Collector’s Coffee","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-7f9790af80","date":"2019-10-23","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"INTL","program_id":"","category":"legal","title":"EU Whistleblowing Directive (2019/1937) adopted","description":"EU-wide minimum protection for people who report breaches of EU law; protection only, no rewards. Member States had to transpose it by 17 December 2021.","source_id":"euu-eurlex-directive-2019-1937","location":"title; Article 26(1)","quote":"Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 17 December 2021.","countries":"","short_title":"EU Whistleblowing Directive (2019/1937) adopted","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-97a84f7591","date":"2019-10-23","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"INTL","program_id":"intl-eu-wb-directive","category":"legal","title":"EU Whistleblower Directive adopted (protection only)","description":"Directive (EU) 2019/1937 sets minimum protection standards for people reporting breaches of EU law; it provides no financial rewards. Transposition due 17 Dec 2021 (17 Dec 2023 for internal channels in firms with 50-249 workers).","source_id":"intl-eu-directive-2019-1937","location":"Art. 26, OJ L 305 p. 52","quote":"Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive by 17 December 2021.","countries":"","short_title":"EU Whistleblower Directive adopted (protection only)","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-9dba12ec00","date":"2019-10-17","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"ACRC Act amendment strengthens corruption-reporter protection","description":"Protection extended to people who testify in court or the National Assembly or report to investigative agencies; compliance charge, reconciliation recommendation and relief fund introduced for corruption reporters; punishment for forcing withdrawal of reports.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2019","location":"PDF p. 10 and 90-91 (report p. 12, 92-93)","quote":"The enforcement of the amended ACRC Act on October 17, 2019 greatly reinforced the level of protections for corruption reporters.","countries":"","short_title":"ACRC Act amendment strengthens corruption-reporter protection","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-f61d320bd3","date":"2019-10-17","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"ACRC Act decree: fines count toward corruption rewards; self-disclosure award ends; relief decisions within 90 days","description":"The 15 Oct 2019 amendment of the ACRC Act decree (in force 17 Oct 2019) adds fines, petty fines, surcharges and fines for negligence to the amounts that earn a reward (for reports made from that date), deletes the separate award for self-disclosure of bribes, and requires relief (구조금) applications to be decided within 90 days.","source_id":"kor-moleg-acrc-decree-2026-03","location":"arts. 71(1), 72(1)5, 79(4); addendum <제30129호,2019.10.15>","quote":"제72조제1항제5호의 개정규정은 이 영 시행 이후 부패행위 신고를 하는 경우부터 적용한다","countries":"","short_title":"ACRC Act decree: fines count toward corruption rewards; self-disclosure award ends; relief decisions within 90 days","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-ffc9b1412c","date":"2019-07-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"LTU","program_id":"ltu-kt-cartel-rewards","category":"launch","title":"Lithuanian Competition Council rewards take effect","description":"Rewards for evidence of cartels and other anti-competitive agreements become available from 1 July 2019.","source_id":"ltu-kt-news-remuneration-procedure-2019","location":"news text, para 1","quote":"From July 1 persons who provide evidence enabling Konkurencijos taryba to detect anti-competitive agreements will be entitled to a financial reward.","countries":"","short_title":"Lithuanian Competition Council rewards take effect","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-aeff92083b","date":"2019-07-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"legal","title":"Taxpayer First Act 2019: status updates and anti-retaliation protection","description":"The Taxpayer First Act (signed 1 July 2019) requires the Whistleblower Office to tell whistleblowers whether information was referred for examination and tax paid, give status updates on request and reasons for 7623(b) award determinations, and adds protection against employer retaliation.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2019","location":"PDF p. 3, Message from the Director","quote":"effective July 1, 2019, the Taxpayer First Act of 2019 (TFA 2019) added, to IRC § 7623, several important provisions","countries":"","short_title":"Taxpayer First Act 2019: status updates and anti-retaliation protection","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-41409f1e95","date":"2019-07-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"legal","title":"Section 7623(d) anti-retaliation protection enacted","description":"Taxpayer First Act (Pub. L. 116-25 § 1405(b)) adds section 7623(d): employees can complain to the Labor Department within 180 days and get reinstatement, double back pay and costs.","source_id":"usa-uscode-26usc7623-2023","location":"PDF p. 3, amendment notes","quote":"2019—Subsec. (d). Pub. L. 116–25 added subsec. (d).","countries":"","short_title":"Section 7623(d) anti-retaliation protection enacted","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-fbdfb58378","date":"2019-07","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"context","title":"Lawyer advisory group for proxy reporting, costs paid by government","description":"Since July 2019 the ACRC runs an advisory group of lawyers; consultation and proxy-reporting costs are funded from the government budget.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2019","location":"PDF p. 10 (report p. 12)","quote":"the ACRC has been running an advisory group consisting of lawyers since July 2019. The cost for consultation and proxy reporting was provided from the government budget","countries":"","short_title":"Lawyer advisory group for proxy reporting, costs paid by government","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-edb7ca8923","date":"2019-05-14","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-treasury-karrp","category":"legal","title":"House passes earlier kleptocracy rewards bill (H.R. 389)","description":"The House passed H.R. 389, an earlier version of the Kleptocracy Asset Recovery Rewards Act, by voice vote; the Senate took no action in the 116th Congress (the measure was later enacted through the FY2021 NDAA).","source_id":"usa-house-rpt-119-370-2025","location":"PDF p. 3, Committee Consideration, 116th Congress","quote":"On May 14, 2019, the House suspended the rules and passed the bill by voice vote.","countries":"","short_title":"House passes earlier kleptocracy rewards bill (H.R. 389)","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-2f99fcd152","date":"2019-04-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"context","title":"Investor Protection Fund replenished","description":"Fund fell below $300 million on 31 March 2019 and was replenished with $156.5 million on 30 April 2019.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2019","location":"p. 29 (printed)","quote":"On March 31, 2019, the fund fell below $300 million. On April 30, 2019, the Fund was replenished in the amount of $156.5 million","countries":"","short_title":"Investor Protection Fund replenished","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-7f391942fb","date":"2019-03-14","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"LTU","program_id":"ltu-kt-cartel-rewards","category":"legal","title":"Lithuania lets its competition authority pay whistleblowers","description":"The Seimas adopts amendments to the Law on Competition allowing the Competition Council to pay a one-off reward of 1% of fines (EUR 1,000-100,000) for information on anti-competitive agreements.","source_id":"ltu-kt-news-law-amendments-2019","location":"news text","quote":"Konkurencijos taryba would pay whistleblowers a single payment (from EUR 1,000 to EUR 100,000) constituting 1 percent of the fines imposed on the infringers","countries":"","short_title":"Lithuania lets its competition authority pay whistleblowers","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-862d2caaf4","date":"2019-02-27","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"CAN","program_id":"can-osc-wb","category":"award","title":"First OSC whistleblower awards (CAD 7.5 million)","description":"Three whistleblowers awarded CAD 7,499,000 on separate matters, the first awards by a Canadian securities regulator.","source_id":"can-osc-nr-award-2019-02-27","location":"news release, para 1","quote":"These whistleblower awards are the first ever by a Canadian securities regulator.","countries":"","short_title":"First OSC whistleblower awards (CAD 7.5 million)","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-52a5ab44b8","date":"2019-01-25","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-nyag-fca","category":"rule_change","title":"HHS-OIG approves New York False Claims Act (section 1909 review)","description":"HHS-OIG found the state's false claims act qualifies for the Social Security Act section 1909 incentive (10 extra percentage points of Medicaid recoveries). The date is the latest review listed; earlier approvals may exist.","source_id":"usa-hhsoig-state-fca-reviews-2026","location":"State Laws Reviewed by OIG, Approved","quote":"New York (1/25/19)","countries":"","short_title":"HHS-OIG approves New York False Claims Act (section 1909 review)","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-d256de3fc1","date":"2019-01-25","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-caag-fca","category":"rule_change","title":"HHS-OIG approves California False Claims Act (section 1909 review)","description":"HHS-OIG found the state's false claims act qualifies for the Social Security Act section 1909 incentive (10 extra percentage points of Medicaid recoveries). The date is the latest review listed; earlier approvals may exist.","source_id":"usa-hhsoig-state-fca-reviews-2026","location":"State Laws Reviewed by OIG, Approved","quote":"California (1/25/19)","countries":"","short_title":"HHS-OIG approves California False Claims Act (section 1909 review)","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-2e9a352181","date":"2019-01-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"LTU","program_id":"ltu-gp-rewards","category":"launch","title":"Lithuanian whistleblower law and rewards for valuable information take effect","description":"Law XIII-804 on the Protection of Whistleblowers enters into force, making rewards for valuable information available through the Prosecutor's Office.","source_id":"ltu-seimas-law-xiii-804-2017","location":"Art. 18(1), PDF p. 10","quote":"Šis įstatymas įsigalioja 2019 m. sausio 1 d.","countries":"","short_title":"Lithuanian whistleblower law and rewards for valuable information take effect","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-7a126bcdb5","date":"2019","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"legal","title":"Supreme Court: FCA discovery extension applies to relators whether or not the government intervenes (Cochise)","description":"Cochise Consultancy v. United States ex rel. Hunt (139 S. Ct. 1507) resolved a circuit split on the 10-year limitation for undiscovered fraud.","source_id":"usa-crs-r40785-2021","location":"p. 31 (PDF p. 35), \"Procedure\"","quote":"where it held that the False Claims Act's discovery extension applies regardless of whether the government elects to intervene","countries":"","short_title":"Supreme Court: FCA discovery extension applies to relators whether or not the government intervenes (Cochise)","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-0add30a0a3","date":"2019","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-doj-atr-wb","category":"legal","title":"Criminal Antitrust Anti-Retaliation Act (CAARA) protects antitrust whistleblowers","description":"CAARA (2019) bars employers from retaliating against workers who report potential antitrust crimes or assist a federal investigation; complaints go to OSHA. Protection only, no reward. The page gives only the year.","source_id":"usa-doj-atr-wb-page-2026","location":"FAQ, \"What whistleblower protections may apply to my report?\"","quote":"The Criminal Antitrust Anti-Retaliation Act of 2019 (CAARA) prohibits employers from retaliating against workers who report potential antitrust crimes or related crimes","countries":"","short_title":"Criminal Antitrust Anti-Retaliation Act (CAARA) protects antitrust whistleblowers","plain_summary":"","year":"2019"},{"event_id":"e-25374aac9c","date":"2018-12","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"context","title":"9 December proclaimed Day of Public Interest Whistleblowing","description":"Proclaimed at the 2018 Anti-Corruption Week event.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2018","location":"PDF p. 89 (report p. 87)","quote":"The ACRC also proclaimed December 9 of every year as the “Day of Public Interest Whistleblowing”","countries":"","short_title":"9 December proclaimed Day of Public Interest Whistleblowing","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-4d7cc95cbf","date":"2018-11-14","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"LTU","program_id":"ltu-gp-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Lithuanian Government sets the procedure for whistleblower rewards and compensation","description":"Government Resolution No. 1133 approves the procedure for rewarding whistleblowers for valuable information (one-off payment decided by the Prosecutor General on a commission's proposal within three months, paid within one month, net of taxes, from the Prosecutor General's Office budget), the compensation procedure and the rules for internal reporting channels (mandatory in public bodies and in organisations with 50 or more employees). In force 1 January 2019.","source_id":"ltu-govt-resolution-1133-2018","location":"Resolution, PDF p. 1, points 1 and 3","quote":"Šis nutarimas įsigalioja 2019 m. sausio 1 dieną.","countries":"","short_title":"Lithuanian Government sets the procedure for whistleblower rewards and compensation","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-29f221e112","date":"2018-10","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Proxy reporting through a lawyer for public-interest reports","description":"Public-interest reporters can file through an appointed lawyer without giving their own name (substitute reporting).","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2018","location":"PDF p. 87 (report p. 85)","quote":"In October 2018, substitute reporting system under which reporters do not have to disclose their real names for reporting was introduced","countries":"","short_title":"Proxy reporting through a lawyer for public-interest reports","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-7b722ee019","date":"2018-09-28","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"GAO: FBAR penalties left out of awards","description":"GAO-18-698 finds FBAR penalties of about $10.7 million in 28 sampled claims were excluded from awards before the 2018 law change; awards could have been up to $3.2 million higher.","source_id":"usa-gao-18-698","location":"Product page, Highlights","quote":"Had they been included in whistleblower awards, total awards could have increased up to $3.2 million.","countries":"","short_title":"GAO: FBAR penalties left out of awards","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-860c15c379","date":"2018-09","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC v. Crumbley and Sedona Oil & Gas settled: injunction under Rule 21F-17","description":"The defendant, who threatened to fire employees for talking to the SEC, was enjoined from future Rule 21F-17 violations as part of a settlement at the end of FY2018.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2019","location":"PDF p. 25 (printed p. 21)","quote":"settled at the end of FY 2018","countries":"","short_title":"SEC v. Crumbley and Sedona Oil & Gas settled: injunction under Rule 21F-17","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-bbb391f6f2","date":"2018-07-20","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"SEC proposes amendments to whistleblower rules","description":"Proposing release published 20 July 2018 (comment period to 18 Sept 2018): more award discretion, efficiency, and anti-retaliation changes after Digital Realty.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2018","location":"p. 3","quote":"The proposing release was published in the Federal Register on July 20, 2018, and the comment period ended on September 18, 2018.","countries":"","short_title":"SEC proposes amendments to whistleblower rules","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-32fff6389b","date":"2018-07-12","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"award","title":"Record CFTC award of about $30 million","description":"Largest CFTC award to that date.","source_id":"usa-cftc-wb-ar-2018","location":"p. 3","quote":"This was the largest award made since the Whistleblower Program was established in 2010.","countries":"","short_title":"Record CFTC award of about $30 million","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-9a909d6203","date":"2018-06-28","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"SEC proposes whistleblower rule amendments","description":"Commission vote on the proposal (Release 2018-120); the dataset also has the July 2018 publication from the FY2018 report.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-press-releases-list-2021","location":"list row dated June 28, 2018, Release No. 2018-120","quote":"SEC Proposes Whistleblower Rule Amendments","countries":"","short_title":"SEC proposes whistleblower rule amendments","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-fc96022973","date":"2018-05-09","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"IRS announces the new definition of proceeds on its website","description":"IRS posted an announcement of the statutory change and the 8 May 2018 Whistleblower Office memo, three months after the change took effect.","source_id":"usa-gao-18-698","location":"p. 23 (printed)","quote":"On May 9, 2018, IRS posted an announcement about the statutory change","countries":"","short_title":"IRS announces the new definition of proceeds on its website","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-29309a0f7a","date":"2018-05-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Public-interest reward cap raised from KRW 2 to 3 billion","description":"Decree 28849 raises the cap on public-interest rewards to match corruption rewards.","source_id":"kor-moleg-piwpa-decree-2018","location":"reason statement (개정이유)","quote":"보상금의 지급한도액을 20억원에서 30억원으로 상향하는","countries":"","short_title":"Public-interest reward cap raised from KRW 2 to 3 billion","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-6db3d3b9fb","date":"2018-05","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"\"Equivalent public interest\" added to the public-interest reporting areas","description":"A sixth area, \"other comparable public interest\", added to the five areas covered by the Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act.","source_id":"kor-acrc-pr-2020-09-28","location":"p. 2","quote":"2018년 5월에 신규 추가된 ‘이에 준하는 공공의 이익‘ 분야","countries":"","short_title":"\"Equivalent public interest\" added to the public-interest reporting areas","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-0a65f13d4f","date":"2018-04-16","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"legal","title":"Public Funds Recovery Act enacted","description":"Act on Prohibition of False Claims for Public Funds and Recovery of Illicit Profits enacted, to take effect 1 Jan 2020, with protection and rewards for reporters of false claims.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2019","location":"PDF p. 102 (report p. 104)","quote":"On April 16, 2018, the Act on Prohibition of False Claims for Public Funds and Recovery of Illicit Profits was enacted and was to be implemented on January 1, 2020.","countries":"","short_title":"Public Funds Recovery Act enacted","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-cd56c624aa","date":"2018-03-26","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"legal","title":"IRS withdraws appeal on criminal fines as proceeds","description":"IRS withdrew its D.C. Circuit appeal (filed 24 Apr 2017) of the 2016 Tax Court ruling that criminal fines and civil forfeitures are collected proceeds, after Congress changed the law.","source_id":"usa-gao-18-698","location":"p. 9 (printed)","quote":"On March 26, 2018, IRS withdrew its appeal before the U.S. Court of Appeals.","countries":"","short_title":"IRS withdraws appeal on criminal fines as proceeds","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-86b655b39e","date":"2018-03-19","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"award","title":"Record SEC awards totalling about $83 million","description":"Nearly $50 million joint award (largest to date) plus more than $33 million to a third person.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2018","location":"p. 10","quote":"two of its largest-ever whistleblower awards, with two individuals sharing a nearly $50 million joint award","countries":"","short_title":"Record SEC awards totalling about $83 million","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-1a673a7570","date":"2018-02-21","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"Supreme Court: Digital Realty Trust v. Somers","description":"Dodd-Frank anti-retaliation protection covers only employees who report to the SEC; SEC proposed rule changes in response.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2018","location":"p. 2","quote":"In Digital Realty, the Supreme Court held that the whistleblower provisions of","countries":"","short_title":"Supreme Court: Digital Realty Trust v. Somers","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-6a26598bc5","date":"2018-02-21","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"Supreme Court: Dodd-Frank retaliation protection requires reporting to the SEC (Digital Realty v. Somers)","description":"The Court held that an employee who reported suspected securities violations only internally, not to the SEC, is not a 'whistleblower' protected by Dodd-Frank's anti-retaliation provision (Sarbanes-Oxley protection remains). Opinion by Justice Ginsburg.","source_id":"usa-scotus-digital-realty-2018","location":"Syllabus, p. 2 (Held)","quote":"Held: Dodd-Frank’s anti-retaliation provision does not extend to an individual, like Somers, who has not reported a violation of the securities laws to the SEC.","countries":"","short_title":"Supreme Court: Dodd-Frank retaliation protection requires reporting to the SEC (Digital Realty v. Somers)","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-3475acfdaa","date":"2018-02-09","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Bipartisan Budget Act 2018 widens \"proceeds\" (section 7623(c))","description":"Section 41108 of the BBA 2018 (PL 115-123) defines proceeds to include criminal fines, civil forfeitures and violations of reporting requirements (e.g. FBAR penalties), counts them toward the $2 million threshold, and applies to claims without a final award determination. FY2018 became a record year.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2018","location":"PDF p. 4, Background","quote":"On February 9, 2018, Section 41108 of the BBA of 2018 amended IRC § 7623 by adding a new subsection (c)","countries":"","short_title":"Bipartisan Budget Act 2018 widens \"proceeds\" (section 7623(c))","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-c77b55ad69","date":"2018-02-09","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"IRS pauses award determinations for a week after the proceeds change","description":"The day the new definition of proceeds became law IRS placed a hold on award determinations; it lifted the hold on 15 Feb 2018 and issued staff guidance only on 19 Apr 2018 (2,096 claims closed in between).","source_id":"usa-gao-18-698","location":"p. 21-22 (printed)","quote":"The day the new statutory definition became law, IRS placed a hold on","countries":"","short_title":"IRS pauses award determinations for a week after the proceeds change","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-1d5c75112b","date":"2018-02-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Confidentiality duty for corruption reporters extended to everyone","description":"ACRC Act amendment (Act No. 15024, 31 Oct 2017) prohibits anyone, not only Commission and investigative-agency staff, from disclosing or alluding to a reporter's identity; in force 1 Feb 2018.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2017","location":"PDF p. 130 (footnote 2) and p. 135 (report p. 127, 132)","quote":"(amended by Act No. 15024 on October 31, 2017 and enforced on February 1, 2018) Article 64 Section 1","countries":"","short_title":"Confidentiality duty for corruption reporters extended to everyone","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-45c765c591","date":"2018","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"award","title":"Record year: US$312 million in awards on US$1.44 billion collected","description":"FY2018 awards of $312,207,590 (before sequestration) on proceeds of $1,441,255,859, of which $809.9 million non-Title 26.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2018","location":"PDF p. 8, Awards text","quote":"FY 2018 was record setting in the proceeds collected and amount of awards paid","countries":"","short_title":"Record year: US$312 million in awards on US$1.44 billion collected","plain_summary":"","year":"2018"},{"event_id":"e-90d17e060e","date":"2017-12-05","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-ilag-fca","category":"rule_change","title":"HHS-OIG approves Illinois False Claims Act (section 1909 review)","description":"HHS-OIG found the state's false claims act qualifies for the Social Security Act section 1909 incentive (10 extra percentage points of Medicaid recoveries). The date is the latest review listed; earlier approvals may exist.","source_id":"usa-hhsoig-state-fca-reviews-2026","location":"State Laws Reviewed by OIG, Approved","quote":"Illinois (12/5/17)","countries":"","short_title":"HHS-OIG approves Illinois False Claims Act (section 1909 review)","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-30023f5aeb","date":"2017-11-28","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"LTU","program_id":"ltu-gp-rewards","category":"legal","title":"Lithuania adopts the Law on the Protection of Whistleblowers (rewards for valuable information)","description":"The Seimas adopts Law No. XIII-804 on the Protection of Whistleblowers: the Prosecutor's Office becomes the competent institution; recognised whistleblowers may receive a reward for valuable information (Art. 12, no maximum, not tied to a court judgment) and compensation of up to 50 basic social benefits (Art. 13), plus free legal aid and confidentiality. In force 1 January 2019.","source_id":"ltu-seimas-law-xiii-804-2017","location":"PDF p. 1 and Art. 18(1), PDF p. 10","quote":"2017 m. lapkričio 28 d. Nr. XIII-804","countries":"","short_title":"Lithuania adopts the Law on the Protection of Whistleblowers (rewards for valuable information)","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-fbcbe5c22b","date":"2017-09-07","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"Second Circuit upholds SEC denial of late award claims (Cerny v. SEC)","description":"The court affirmed the denial of two claimants whose applications were filed about two years after the 90-day deadline.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2017","location":"PDF p. 18 (printed p. 14), footnote 30","quote":"The Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit recently upheld the Commission’s denial of two claimants whose award applications were submitted approximately two years after the required deadline.","countries":"","short_title":"Second Circuit upholds SEC denial of late award claims (Cerny v. SEC)","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-6ff15adcea","date":"2017-09","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"legal","title":"Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act amendment passed (punitive damages)","description":"Amendment passed the National Assembly in September 2017, to take effect in May 2018: punitive damages up to three times for retaliation, reversed burden of proof, emergency relief, faster relief money; \"other equivalent public interests\" added; protection period extended from three months to one year.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2017","location":"PDF p. 140 (report p. 137); PDF p. 17","quote":"The revision bill of the Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act ... passed the National Assembly in September 2017, and will come into effect in May 2018","countries":"","short_title":"Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act amendment passed (punitive damages)","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-12ea5b0f4e","date":"2017-08-04","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"Deputy Commissioner memo on debriefing whistleblowers","description":"Memorandum highlighting the value of whistleblower information and urging debriefings of whistleblowers to understand the issues.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2017","location":"PDF p. 5, Guidance and Operations","quote":"the Deputy Commissioner for Services and Enforcement issued a memorandum, on August 4, 2017, highlighting the value of whistleblower information","countries":"","short_title":"Deputy Commissioner memo on debriefing whistleblowers","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-784610d643","date":"2017-07-31","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"Amended CFTC whistleblower rules take effect","description":"The amended rules (published May 2017) took effect: anti-impeding rule, CFTC anti-retaliation enforcement authority, electronic Form WB-APP, and a Claims Review Staff with Preliminary Determinations replacing the Award Determination Panel.","source_id":"usa-cftc-wb-ar-2017","location":"PDF p. 4 (printed 3), Section II.A","quote":"The final amended rules were published in May 2017 and went into effect July 31, 2017.","countries":"","short_title":"Amended CFTC whistleblower rules take effect","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-432463b4ae","date":"2017-06-26","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"Supreme Court grants certiorari in Digital Realty Trust v. Somers","description":"The Court agreed to decide whether Dodd-Frank retaliation protection covers employees who report only internally; the Solicitor General, joined by the SEC, filed a brief for the whistleblower on 17 Oct 2017.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2017","location":"PDF p. 26 (printed p. 22)","quote":"On June 26, 2017, on the basis of the circuit split, the United States Supreme Court granted certiorari in Digital Realty Trust, Inc. v. Somers","countries":"","short_title":"Supreme Court grants certiorari in Digital Realty Trust v. Somers","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-09de0bf1b7","date":"2017-05-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"CFTC amends whistleblower rules (Part 165)","description":"Amended Whistleblower Awards Process rules (82 Fed. Reg. 24,487, May 30, 2017) took effect July 31, 2017; award reviews were on hold during the rulemaking.","source_id":"usa-cftc-wb-ar-2017","location":"p. 3","quote":"Once the amended rules took effect on July 31, 2017, the Claims Review Staff met to consider award applications","countries":"","short_title":"CFTC amends whistleblower rules (Part 165)","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-506cc4087c","date":"2017-05-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"CFTC amends Part 165 (2017)","description":"Amendments published at 82 FR 24487-24501: among others new sections on award eligibility (165.5), related actions (165.11), appeals (165.13), program administration (165.15), non-waiver (165.19), anti-retaliation (165.20) and Appendix A on retaliation.","source_id":"usa-ecfr-17cfr165-2026","location":"Amendment notes to 17 CFR 165.5, 165.11, 165.13, 165.19, 165.20","quote":"[82 FR 24498, May 30, 2017]","countries":"","short_title":"CFTC amends Part 165 (2017)","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-4a3e7ab887","date":"2017-05-18","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-nhtsa-wb","category":"context","title":"NHTSA opens Theta II recall-query investigations of Hyundai and Kia","description":"Acting in part on the whistleblower's information, NHTSA opens investigations RQ17-003 (Kia) and RQ17-004 (Hyundai) into the timeliness and scope of Theta II engine recalls.","source_id":"usa-nhtsa-wb-award-2021-0001","location":"PDF p. 5 (printed 5)","quote":"NHTSA opened two investigations, RQ17- 003 and RQ17-004, on May 18, 2017, to probe the scope and timeliness of Hyundai and Kia's Theta II recalls.","countries":"","short_title":"NHTSA opens Theta II recall-query investigations of Hyundai and Kia","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-69ffeb75a3","date":"2017-05","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"context","title":"Emily Pasquinelli becomes OWB Deputy Chief","description":"Promoted to Deputy Chief, filling the post vacated when Jane Norberg became Chief.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2017","location":"PDF p. 10 (printed p. 6)","quote":"In May 2017, Emily Pasquinelli was promoted to Deputy Chief","countries":"","short_title":"Emily Pasquinelli becomes OWB Deputy Chief","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-b67f2f1247","date":"2017-04-03","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"","category":"legal","title":"OSHA orders Wells Fargo to reinstate whistleblower","description":"Sarbanes-Oxley retaliation order worth about $5.4 million.","source_id":"usa-dol-osha-wells-fargo-pr-2017","location":"para 1","quote":"has ordered Wells Fargo Bank N.A. to compensate and immediately reinstate a former bank manager","countries":"","short_title":"OSHA orders Wells Fargo to reinstate whistleblower","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-3398bf4c83","date":"2017-04","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Corruption-reporter protection extended to reports on private-school staff","description":"ACRC Act revision in April 2017 expanded protection for people who report corruption involving private school faculty members.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2017","location":"PDF p. 135 (report p. 132)","quote":"Since the revision of the ACRC Act in April 2017, protection has been expanded for people who report corruption involving private school faculty members.","countries":"","short_title":"Corruption-reporter protection extended to reports on private-school staff","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-b5cbc8ceae","date":"2017-04","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"ACRC Act: protection and rewards for reports of corruption at private schools","description":"Revision in force April 2017 extends reporter protection and rewards to reports of corruption in private schools.","source_id":"kor-acrc-pr-2017-05-18","location":"p. 1, last para","quote":"지난 4 월 부패방지권익위법 개정 · 시행으로 사립학교의 부패행위를 신고하는 경우에도 보호 · 보상을 받을 수 있게 됨에 따라","countries":"","short_title":"ACRC Act: protection and rewards for reports of corruption at private schools","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-5aafeb1034","date":"2017-02-14","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-wildlife-rewards","category":"context","title":"Executive order to strengthen wildlife trafficking enforcement","description":"Executive Order 13773 made it executive branch policy to strengthen enforcement of federal law against wildlife smuggling and trafficking.","source_id":"usa-gao-18-279-2018","location":"p. 2 (printed), footnote 5","quote":"Exec. Order No. 13773, 82 Fed. Reg. 10,691 (Feb. 14, 2017).","countries":"","short_title":"Executive order to strengthen wildlife trafficking enforcement","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-38fe8e1909","date":"2017-01-19","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"HomeStreet pays $500,000 after trying to identify a whistleblower (Rule 21F-17)","description":"HomeStreet sought to unmask a presumed whistleblower, suggested denying legal-cost indemnification, and used severance agreements waiving awards.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2017","location":"PDF pp. 23-24 (printed pp. 19-20)","quote":"HomeStreet additionally agreed to pay a civil money penalty of $500,000 to the Commission.","countries":"","short_title":"HomeStreet pays $500,000 after trying to identify a whistleblower (Rule 21F-17)","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-39791a817a","date":"2017-01-19","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC charges a financial company with impeding whistleblowers","description":"Release 2017-24.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-press-releases-list-2021","location":"list row dated Jan. 19, 2017, Release No. 2017-24","quote":"Financial Company Charged With Improper Accounting and Impeding Whistleblowers","countries":"","short_title":"SEC charges a financial company with impeding whistleblowers","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-614d95b178","date":"2017-01-17","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"BlackRock pays $340,000 for separation agreements waiving whistleblower awards","description":"Over 1,000 departing employees signed agreements waiving recovery of incentives for reporting misconduct, including under Dodd-Frank.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2017","location":"PDF p. 24 (printed p. 20)","quote":"BlackRock agreed to pay a $340,000 penalty to settle the charges.","countries":"","short_title":"BlackRock pays $340,000 for separation agreements waiving whistleblower awards","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-874abb8095","date":"2017-01-17","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC charges BlackRock for removing whistleblower incentives in separation agreements","description":"Release 2017-14.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-press-releases-list-2021","location":"list row dated Jan. 17, 2017, Release No. 2017-14","quote":"BlackRock Charged With Removing Whistleblower Incentives in Separation Agreements","countries":"","short_title":"SEC charges BlackRock for removing whistleblower incentives in separation agreements","plain_summary":"","year":"2017"},{"event_id":"e-471f1275f1","date":"2016-12-28","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-txag-tmfpa","category":"rule_change","title":"HHS-OIG approves Texas Medicaid Fraud Prevention Act (section 1909 review)","description":"HHS-OIG found the state's false claims act qualifies for the Social Security Act section 1909 incentive (10 extra percentage points of Medicaid recoveries). The date is the latest review listed; earlier approvals may exist.","source_id":"usa-hhsoig-state-fca-reviews-2026","location":"State Laws Reviewed by OIG, Approved","quote":"Texas (12/28/16)","countries":"","short_title":"HHS-OIG approves Texas Medicaid Fraud Prevention Act (section 1909 review)","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-78461fcfda","date":"2016-12-20","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SandRidge Energy pays $1.4 million for retaliation and restrictive separation agreements","description":"SandRidge fired an employee who raised internal concerns about reserves calculations and used separation agreements barring cooperation with government investigations (over 500 signatories).","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2017","location":"PDF pp. 24-25 (printed pp. 20-21)","quote":"SandRidge agreed to pay a penalty of $1.4 million.","countries":"","short_title":"SandRidge Energy pays $1.4 million for retaliation and restrictive separation agreements","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-55d7ce8884","date":"2016-12-20","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"Company settles SEC whistleblower retaliation charges","description":"Release 2016-270.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-press-releases-list-2021","location":"list row dated Dec. 20, 2016, Release No. 2016-270","quote":"Company Settles Charges in Whistleblower Retaliation Case","countries":"","short_title":"Company settles SEC whistleblower retaliation charges","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-b49bf6aeef","date":"2016-12-19","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"NeuStar pays $180,000 for severance agreements barring talk with the SEC (Rule 21F-17)","description":"NeuStar's non-disparagement clauses, signed by at least 246 departing employees, named the SEC and risked forfeiting all but $100 of severance.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2017","location":"PDF p. 24 (printed p. 20)","quote":"NeuStar also agreed to pay a civil money penalty of $180,000 to the Commission.","countries":"","short_title":"NeuStar pays $180,000 for severance agreements barring talk with the SEC (Rule 21F-17)","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-65bc2467ff","date":"2016-12-19","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC finds a company violated Rule 21F-17","description":"Release 2016-268.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-press-releases-list-2021","location":"list row dated Dec. 19, 2016, Release No. 2016-268","quote":"Company Violated Rule Aimed at Protecting Potential Whistleblowers","countries":"","short_title":"SEC finds a company violated Rule 21F-17","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-d3a881d69d","date":"2016-09-29","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"First stand-alone SEC whistleblower retaliation case (International Game Technology)","description":"IGT fired a director who reported possible accounting distortions to management and the SEC; it paid a $500,000 civil penalty.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2016","location":"PDF p. 25 (printed p. 21)","quote":"On September 29, 2016, the Commission brought its first stand-alone retaliation case under Section 21F(h)(1) of the Exchange Act.","countries":"","short_title":"First stand-alone SEC whistleblower retaliation case (International Game Technology)","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-417a401d32","date":"2016-09-29","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC finds a casino-gaming company retaliated against a whistleblower","description":"Release 2016-204.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-press-releases-list-2021","location":"list row dated Sept. 29, 2016, Release No. 2016-204","quote":"SEC: Casino-Gaming Company Retaliated Against Whistleblower","countries":"","short_title":"SEC finds a casino-gaming company retaliated against a whistleblower","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-1c0e8b98b4","date":"2016-09-28","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"launch","title":"Improper Solicitation and Graft Act takes effect","description":"The Act, with reporting channels to the ACRC and rewards and awards for reporters of violations, came into force.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2016","location":"PDF p. 10 (report p. 9)","quote":"the ACRC enforced the Improper Solicitation and Graft Act on September 28, 2016","countries":"","short_title":"Improper Solicitation and Graft Act takes effect","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-807aae3dd7","date":"2016-09-28","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"AB InBev charged under Rule 21F-17(a) over a separation agreement","description":"A separation agreement with liquidated damages stopped an employee from continuing to talk to the SEC; also FCPA books-and-records charges.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2016","location":"PDF p. 24 (printed p. 20)","quote":"on September 28, 2016, the Commission instituted proceedings against Anheuser-Busch InBev SA/NV (ABI InBev) for violations of Rule 21F-17(a)","countries":"","short_title":"AB InBev charged under Rule 21F-17(a) over a separation agreement","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-64e1e08d1c","date":"2016-09-28","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC charges Anheuser-Busch InBev under the FCPA and whistleblower protection laws","description":"Release 2016-196.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-press-releases-list-2021","location":"list row dated Sept. 28, 2016, Release No. 2016-196","quote":"SEC Charges Anheuser-Busch InBev With Violating FCPA and Whistleblower Protection Laws","countries":"","short_title":"SEC charges Anheuser-Busch InBev under the FCPA and whistleblower protection laws","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-e4415482aa","date":"2016-09-28","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"context","title":"New head of SEC Whistleblower Office named","description":"Jane Norberg named Chief of the Office of the Whistleblower (Release 2016-201).","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-press-releases-list-2021","location":"list row dated Sept. 28, 2016, Release No. 2016-201","quote":"Jane Norberg Named Chief of SEC Whistleblower Office","countries":"","short_title":"New head of SEC Whistleblower Office named","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-730caa204f","date":"2016-09","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"context","title":"Jane Norberg becomes Chief of the Office of the Whistleblower","description":"Jane Norberg, OWB's first Deputy Chief, was named Chief after Sean McKessy left the Commission in July 2016.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2016","location":"PDF p. 10 (printed p. 6)","quote":"Jane Norberg, the Office’s first Deputy Chief, was named Chief of OWB in September 2016.","countries":"","short_title":"Jane Norberg becomes Chief of the Office of the Whistleblower","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-1ea5cbe50b","date":"2016-08-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"award","title":"SEC cumulative awards pass $100 million","description":"With a $22 million award in August 2016 total awards passed $100 million (more than $111 million to 34 people by FY-end).","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2016","location":"p. 1","quote":"In August 2016, the SEC announced that its awards to whistleblowers since the beginning of the program have surpassed the $100 million mark.","countries":"","short_title":"SEC cumulative awards pass $100 million","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-6a37c6e4be","date":"2016-08-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"TIGTA: more than $2 billion collected, but claim processing needs controls","description":"TIGTA report 2016-30-059 finds over $2 billion collected from FY2011 to Feb 2016 and 732 awards, but weak oversight of claim processing, slow rejections and poorly supported denials.","source_id":"usa-tigta-wbo-audit-2016","location":"p. 11","quote":"From FY 2011 through February 2016, the IRS collected more than $2 billion due to information provided by whistleblowers","countries":"","short_title":"TIGTA: more than $2 billion collected, but claim processing needs controls","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-c8b5ea3f7d","date":"2016-08-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"CFTC proposes amendments to its whistleblower rules","description":"Proposed amendments to the Part 165 Whistleblower Awards Process rules published (81 Fed. Reg. 59,551); award processing was on hold during the rulemaking.","source_id":"usa-cftc-wb-ar-2017","location":"PDF pp. 3-4 (printed 2-3), Section II.A and footnote 7","quote":"Whistleblower Awards Process, 81 Fed. Reg. 59,551 (August 30, 2016).","countries":"","short_title":"CFTC proposes amendments to its whistleblower rules","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-57aaf76096","date":"2016-08-16","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"Health Net pays $340,000 for severance agreements waiving SEC whistleblower awards","description":"Health Net required departing employees to waive SEC whistleblower awards as a condition of severance (Rule 21F-17(a)).","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2016","location":"PDF p. 24 (printed p. 20)","quote":"Health Net agreed to pay a $340,000 civil penalty","countries":"","short_title":"Health Net pays $340,000 for severance agreements waiving SEC whistleblower awards","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-608ed5fb36","date":"2016-08-16","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC punishes a company for severance agreements removing whistleblower incentives","description":"Release 2016-164.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-press-releases-list-2021","location":"list row dated Aug. 16, 2016, Release No. 2016-164","quote":"Company Punished for Severance Agreements That Removed Financial Incentives for Whistleblowing","countries":"","short_title":"SEC punishes a company for severance agreements removing whistleblower incentives","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-e678884cb7","date":"2016-08-10","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"BlueLinx pays $265,000 for severance agreements waiving SEC award rights","description":"First stand-alone Rule 21F-17(a) case in FY2016: BlueLinx Holdings required departing employees to waive monetary recovery from complaints to the SEC.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2016","location":"PDF p. 24 (printed p. 20)","quote":"BlueLinx agreed to pay a $265,000 civil penalty","countries":"","short_title":"BlueLinx pays $265,000 for severance agreements waiving SEC award rights","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-bfbb77285d","date":"2016-08-10","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC penalises a company for violating Rule 21F-17","description":"Release 2016-157.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-press-releases-list-2021","location":"list row dated Aug. 10, 2016, Release No. 2016-157","quote":"Company Paying Penalty for Violating Key Whistleblower Protection Rule","countries":"","short_title":"SEC penalises a company for violating Rule 21F-17","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-b35b78fe49","date":"2016-08-03","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"legal","title":"Tax Court: criminal fines and forfeitures are collected proceeds","description":"Whistleblower 21276-13W v. Commissioner, 147 T.C. No. 4.","source_id":"usa-ustc-wb21276-13w-2016","location":"PDF p. 2","quote":"Held: The criminal fine and civil forfeitures are collected proceeds for purposes of an award under I.R.C. sec. 7623(b).","countries":"","short_title":"Tax Court: criminal fines and forfeitures are collected proceeds","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-24cf793705","date":"2016-08-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"IRS moves preliminary award communications earlier","description":"From 1 August 2016 the Whistleblower Office sends the preliminary award recommendation package right after full proceeds are collected, which it says can start the exchange with whistleblowers almost 24 months earlier.","source_id":"usa-tigta-wbo-audit-2016","location":"p. 62 (printed), Appendix VIII, management response (OCR)","quote":"we are moving up the date of our communications with whistleblowers on the preliminary award recommendation package to right after full proceeds from an action have been collected","countries":"","short_title":"IRS moves preliminary award communications earlier","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-70baa8b6a6","date":"2016-07-14","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"CAN","program_id":"can-osc-wb","category":"launch","title":"OSC Whistleblower Program launched","description":"Ontario Securities Commission launches the first paid whistleblower programme run by a Canadian securities regulator (OSC Policy 15-601).","source_id":"can-osc-wb-update-2022","location":"Introduction","quote":"The timeframe covered in this update includes the initial program launch period between July 14, 2016, and March 31, 2017","countries":"","short_title":"OSC Whistleblower Program launched","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-ac96414329","date":"2016-07-10","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"Initial claim evaluation unit moves to SB/SE","description":"The Initial Claim Evaluation (ICE) unit is realigned from the Whistleblower Office to the Small Business/Self-Employed Division, following Lean Six Sigma and GAO recommendations; office staff falls from 61 to 37.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2016","location":"PDF p. 6-7, Staffing","quote":"Employed (SB/SE) organization on July 10, 2016.","countries":"","short_title":"Initial claim evaluation unit moves to SB/SE","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-2f299e99a1","date":"2016-07-08","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"context","title":"Head of SEC Whistleblower Office to leave","description":"Sean McKessy, Chief of the Office of the Whistleblower, announced to leave the SEC (Release 2016-136).","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-press-releases-list-2021","location":"list row dated July 8, 2016, Release No. 2016-136","quote":"Sean McKessy, Chief of Whistleblower Office, to Leave SEC","countries":"","short_title":"Head of SEC Whistleblower Office to leave","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-bde15f4170","date":"2016-06-23","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"Merrill Lynch charged under Rule 21F-17(a) for restrictive severance language","description":"In its settlement over the customer protection rule ($415 million), Merrill Lynch was also charged with using severance-agreement language that impeded employees from reporting to the SEC.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2016","location":"PDF p. 23 (printed p. 19)","quote":"On June 23, 2016, in connection with the SEC’s administrative settlement with Merrill Lynch for violations of the customer protection rule, the Commission also charged Merrill Lynch with violating Rule 21F-17(a)","countries":"","short_title":"Merrill Lynch charged under Rule 21F-17(a) for restrictive severance language","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-7fa71bb843","date":"2016-03-14","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"legal","title":"Tax Court: FBAR penalties do not count toward the $2 million threshold (Whistleblower 22716-13W, 146 T.C.)","description":"The Tax Court held that 'additional amounts' in 7623(b)(5)(B) means only Title 26 civil penalties, so FBAR penalties under Title 31 do not count toward the $2,000,000 threshold (later changed by the 2018 amendment).","source_id":"usa-ustc-wb21276-13w-2016","location":"PDF pp. 6 (n. 7) and 21-22","quote":"we determined that the wording in the threshold requirement of section 7623(b)(5)(B) (“if the tax, penalties, interest, additions to tax, and additional amounts in dispute exceed $2,000,000”) is different from that of section 7623(b)(1)","countries":"","short_title":"Tax Court: FBAR penalties do not count toward the $2 million threshold (Whistleblower 22716-13W, 146 T.C.)","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-6376b3aa89","date":"2016-01-27","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"Swiss Bank Program: final Category 2 agreement, 80 banks, over $1.36 billion","description":"DOJ's last Category 2 non-prosecution agreement under the Swiss Bank Program.","source_id":"usa-doj-swiss-bank-final-npa-pr-2016","location":"subheading","quote":"Department’s Swiss Bank Program Imposed More Than $1.3 Billion in Penalties on 80 Banks","countries":"","short_title":"Swiss Bank Program: final Category 2 agreement, 80 banks, over $1.36 billion","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-e9083ecbd1","date":"2016-01-25","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Monetary awards introduced for public-interest reports","description":"Award (포상금) system introduced under the Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2025","location":"PDF p. 90","quote":"Since the introduction of the award system on January 25, 2016","countries":"","short_title":"Monetary awards introduced for public-interest reports","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-9b49776b95","date":"2016-01-25","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Public-interest rewards limited to internal whistleblowers; 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over 39,000 page views by the end of FY2016.","source_id":"usa-cftc-wb-ar-2016","location":"PDF pp. 4-5 (printed 3-4), Section II","quote":"In January 2016, the WBO launched the CFTC Whistleblower Program's new website, www.whistleblower.gov.","countries":"","short_title":"CFTC launches whistleblower.gov","plain_summary":"","year":"2016"},{"event_id":"e-981cd650b9","date":"2015-12-04","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-nhtsa-wb","category":"launch","title":"Motor Vehicle Safety Whistleblower Act (FAST Act)","description":"Adds 49 U.S.C. 30172: awards of 10-30 percent of collected sanctions over $1 million to auto-industry employees and contractors; awards allowed before regulations.","source_id":"usa-uscode-49usc30172-2023","location":"49 U.S.C. 30172, credits","quote":"(Added Pub. L. 114–94, div. B, title XXIV, §24352(a), Dec. 4, 2015, 129 Stat. 1716.)","countries":"","short_title":"Motor Vehicle Safety Whistleblower Act (FAST Act)","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-f67d04bea2","date":"2015-11-25","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"HUN","program_id":"hun-gvh-informant-rewards","category":"context","title":"GVH launches Kartell Chat, an anonymous channel for cartel informants","description":"The Hungarian Competition Authority presented at a press conference its \"Nem marad köztetek\" leniency campaign and the launch of Kartell Chat, a web channel for contacting it anonymously about cartels, leniency and the informant reward (in operation from December 2015).","source_id":"hun-gvh-ogy-beszamolo-2015","location":"PDF p. 29, calendar of events, 25 November; PDF p. 10 and p. 103","quote":"A GVH sajtótájékoztatója az engedékenységi politikát népszerűsítő „Nem marad köztetek” kampány és a Kartell chat indításáról","countries":"","short_title":"GVH launches Kartell Chat, an anonymous channel for cartel informants","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-b6a54410b9","date":"2015-10-29","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"GAO finds award errors and long delays","description":"GAO-16-20 reviews 17 paid 7623(b) award files and finds over- and underpayments of about $100,000, plus timeliness and communication problems.","source_id":"usa-gao-16-20","location":"Product page, Highlights","quote":"In a review of the 17 paid 7623(b) award claim files, GAO found that the WO made errors in determining some awards, resulting in over- and underpayments totaling approximately $100,000.","countries":"","short_title":"GAO finds award errors and long delays","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-34b90a1470","date":"2015-10-20","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Corruption reward cap raised from 2 to 3 billion won","description":"Enforcement decree of the ACRC Act revised: maximum reward raised to 3 billion KRW and maximum award to 200 million KRW for reports made after 20 Oct 2015.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2015","location":"PDF p. 35","quote":"for the corruption reports made after October 20, 2015, … the maximum reward has increased from the current 2 billion KRW to 3 billion KRW","countries":"","short_title":"Corruption reward cap raised from 2 to 3 billion won","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-97fddd2687","date":"2015-10-20","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Corruption reward rates raised to 4-30%","description":"Same decree that raised the cap to KRW 3 billion: the top bracket goes from 20% to 30% of the recovered amount (first KRW 100 million).","source_id":"kor-moleg-acrc-decree-2015","location":"annex 1","quote":"1억원 이하 │보상대상가액의 30%","countries":"","short_title":"Corruption reward rates raised to 4-30%","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-dd950e366b","date":"2015-10-20","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Corruption award cap raised to KRW 200 million and reward cap to KRW 3 billion","description":"The amended ACRC Act decree raises the cap on monetary awards (포상금) for corruption reports from KRW 100 million to KRW 200 million and the reward (보상금) cap from KRW 2 billion to KRW 3 billion, for reports received from 20 Oct 2015.","source_id":"kor-moleg-acrc-decree-2015","location":"reason statement (개정이유)","quote":"포상금의 상한액을 1억원에서 2억원으로, 보상금의 상한액을 20억원에서 30억원으로 각각 상향조정하고","countries":"","short_title":"Corruption award cap raised to KRW 200 million and reward cap to KRW 3 billion","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-5e4a419abe","date":"2015-09-10","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"Second Circuit in Berman v. Neo@Ogilvy defers to SEC rule on internal reporters","description":"The Second Circuit held that Dodd-Frank retaliation protection covers employees who report to their employers, creating a circuit split with Asadi (Fifth Circuit).","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2015","location":"PDF p. 23 (printed p. 20) and footnote 51","quote":"the Second Circuit in Berman v. Neo@Ogilvy LLC, held that the pertinent provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act were sufficiently ambiguous to warrant the court’s deference to the SEC’s rule","countries":"","short_title":"Second Circuit in Berman v. Neo@Ogilvy defers to SEC rule on internal reporters","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-0cecefda46","date":"2015-08-04","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"SEC interpretive guidance: Dodd-Frank retaliation protection covers internal reporting","description":"The SEC released interpretive guidance that the anti-retaliation provisions protect people who report internally, even before reporting to the SEC (80 Fed. Reg. 47,829, 10 Aug 2015).","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2015","location":"PDF p. 23 (printed p. 20)","quote":"On August 4, 2015, the Commission released interpretive guidance clarifying the interaction of the anti-retaliation provisions and the award provisions","countries":"","short_title":"SEC interpretive guidance: Dodd-Frank retaliation protection covers internal reporting","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-73bee0e20b","date":"2015-07-24","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"legal","title":"Revised Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act promulgated","description":"Laws covered rise from 180 to 279 (99 added); rewards limited to internal whistleblowers; an awards system introduced; non-compliance charge, right to object, special protection for internal whistleblowers. Passed July 2015; in force 25 Jan 2016.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2015","location":"PDF p. 29 (report p. 56-57); PDF p. 3","quote":"a revision bill was prepared, and was subsequently promulgated on July 24, 2015","countries":"","short_title":"Revised Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act promulgated","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-7677699926","date":"2015-07","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"award","title":"Record reward of 1.16 billion won","description":"Largest reward paid up to then for a corruption report.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2015","location":"PDF p. 35","quote":"the payment of the largest reward in history (1.16 billion KRW) in July 2015","countries":"","short_title":"Record reward of 1.16 billion won","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-ba21e1375d","date":"2015-06-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"Whistleblower Office starts tracking 7623(a) claims by status","description":"E-TRAK began tracking 7623(a) claims by current status only from 1 June 2015.","source_id":"usa-gao-16-20","location":"p. 19 (printed), footnote 23","quote":"The WO did not start tracking 7623(a) claims by status until June 1, 2015","countries":"","short_title":"Whistleblower Office starts tracking 7623(a) claims by status","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-c130ab99a4","date":"2015-04-23","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"scandal","title":"CFTC fines Deutsche Bank $800 million for Libor manipulation","description":"Largest CFTC fine at the time; CFTC total for LIBOR and FX abuses passed $4 billion across 13 banks and brokers.","source_id":"usa-cftc-libor-deutsche-pr-7159-15","location":"subheading","quote":"With Today’s Action, the CFTC Has Imposed over $4 Billion in Penalties against 13 Banks and Brokers to Address LIBOR and FX Benchmark Abuses","countries":"","short_title":"CFTC fines Deutsche Bank $800 million for Libor manipulation","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-9411c1da9e","date":"2015-04-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"First SEC action under Rule 21F-17(a) against restrictive confidentiality agreements (KBR Inc.)","description":"The SEC found that KBR's confidentiality statements for internal-investigation interviews impeded whistleblowing; KBR paid a $130,000 penalty and amended its statements.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2015","location":"PDF p. 22 (printed p. 19)","quote":"On April 1, 2015, the Commission brought its first enforcement action against a company for its use of confidentiality agreements that impeded whistleblowers in violation of Rule 21F-17(a) .","countries":"","short_title":"First SEC action under Rule 21F-17(a) against restrictive confidentiality agreements (KBR Inc.)","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-c8421d2795","date":"2015-04-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC: companies cannot stifle whistleblowers in confidentiality agreements","description":"First Rule 21F-17 action listed on the whistleblower press-release page (Release 2015-54).","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-press-releases-list-2021","location":"list row dated April 1, 2015, Release No. 2015-54","quote":"SEC: Companies Cannot Stifle Whistleblowers in Confidentiality Agreements","countries":"","short_title":"SEC: companies cannot stifle whistleblowers in confidentiality agreements","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-d80381fd37","date":"2015-03-27","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"legal","title":"Improper Solicitation and Graft Act promulgated","description":"Passed 3 Mar 2015, promulgated 27 Mar 2015, in force 28 Sep 2016; provides for reports of violations to the ACRC and other bodies, protection of reporters and monetary rewards and awards.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2015","location":"PDF p. 27-28 (report p. 52-55)","quote":"•Promulgated (March 27, 2015), and enforced (Sept. 28, 2016)","countries":"","short_title":"Improper Solicitation and Graft Act promulgated","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-54dd790e89","date":"2015-03-11","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"Second Circuit upholds SEC denial in Stryker v. SEC","description":"Court held information given before Dodd-Frank is not 'original information'; first judicial opinion on a denied SEC award claim.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2015","location":"p. 15 (printed)","quote":"On March 11, 2015, the Second Circuit Court of Appeals upheld the Commission's denial of an award claim in Stryker v. SEC","countries":"","short_title":"Second Circuit upholds SEC denial in Stryker v. SEC","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-61a916730a","date":"2015-03","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"Pilot of annual status letters to whistleblowers","description":"The Whistleblower Office began sending annual letters to a sample of whistleblowers with claims open at least 3 years, saying only that the claim remained open (about 180 whistleblowers, 360 claims, 100 staff hours).","source_id":"usa-gao-16-20","location":"p. 37 (printed)","quote":"In March 2015, the WO initiated a pilot program of sending annual letters","countries":"","short_title":"Pilot of annual status letters to whistleblowers","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-e2884c8ce3","date":"2015-01-19","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"context","title":"Welfare fraud report centre expanded to Center for Reporting Public Subsidy Fraud","description":"The Government Welfare Fraud Report Center set up under the ACRC on 15 Oct 2013 was expanded to cover subsidies in all sectors.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2015","location":"PDF p. 36 (report p. 71)","quote":"In January 19, 2015, the center was expanded and reorganized as “Center for Reporting Public Subsidy Fraud” to cover all sectors of subsidies.","countries":"","short_title":"Welfare fraud report centre expanded to Center for Reporting Public Subsidy Fraud","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-ece83bc190","date":"2015-01-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"SVK","program_id":"svk-msr-rewards","category":"launch","title":"Slovak whistleblower act with Ministry of Justice rewards takes effect","description":"Act 307/2014 takes effect: the Ministry of Justice may grant whistleblowers a reward of up to 50 times the minimum wage after a final conviction or administrative decision.","source_id":"svk-zz-2014-307-whistleblower-act","location":"Čl. XX (final article)","quote":"Tento zákon nadobúda účinnosť 1. januára 2015.","countries":"","short_title":"Slovak whistleblower act with Ministry of Justice rewards takes effect","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-0c72a3332e","date":"2015","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"legal","title":"Tax Court: Form 211 need not come first (Whistleblower 21276-13W, 144 T.C. 290)","description":"The Tax Court held the claims timely and that Form 211 does not have to be filed with the Whistleblower Office before the whistleblower gives information to other parts of the IRS or other agencies.","source_id":"usa-ustc-wb21276-13w-2016","location":"PDF p. 3","quote":"In that Opinion we held that Form 211 is not required to be filed with the Whistleblower Office before the whistleblower supplies information to other parts of the IRS or other Government agencies in order to be eligible for an award under section 7623(b).","countries":"","short_title":"Tax Court: Form 211 need not come first (Whistleblower 21276-13W, 144 T.C. 290)","plain_summary":"","year":"2015"},{"event_id":"e-123b80997b","date":"2014-12-18","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-doj-apps","category":"rule_change","title":"Unpaid APPS penalties go to the Abandoned Seafarers Fund","description":"Pub. L. 113-281 added 1908(g): penalties not paid to informants are deposited in the Abandoned Seafarers Fund.","source_id":"usa-uscode-33usc1908-2023","location":"33 U.S.C. 1908(g) and Amendments, 2014","quote":"2014—Subsec. (g). Pub. L. 113–281 added subsec. (g).","countries":"","short_title":"Unpaid APPS penalties go to the Abandoned Seafarers Fund","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-da0c21042f","date":"2014-10-31","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Public-interest rewards limited to 10 payments a year per person","description":"ACRC public announcement on rewards for public interest whistleblowers caps the number of reward payments per person.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2014","location":"p. 73","quote":"issued the “public announcement on reward for public interest whistleblowers” on Oct. 31, 2014, which limits the number of reward payment to 10 times a year per person","countries":"","short_title":"Public-interest rewards limited to 10 payments a year per person","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-4e2befae78","date":"2014-10-16","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"SVK","program_id":"svk-msr-rewards","category":"legal","title":"Slovakia adopts Act 307/2014 on reporting anti-social activity (whistleblower rewards)","description":"The National Council adopts Act No. 307/2014: protection of whistleblowers via labour-inspectorate consent, internal reporting systems for employers with 50 or more staff and public bodies, and Ministry of Justice rewards of up to 50 times the minimum wage after a final conviction. In force 1 January 2015.","source_id":"svk-zz-2014-307-whistleblower-act","location":"title page, PDF p. 1","quote":"zo 16. októbra 2014","countries":"","short_title":"Slovakia adopts Act 307/2014 on reporting anti-social activity (whistleblower rewards)","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-7e103906b6","date":"2014-10","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"IRS rejection and denial letters start giving reasons; preliminary 7623(b) denials with 30-day comment period","description":"From October 2014 letters rejecting 7623(a) and (b) claims and denying 7623(b) claims state the basis, and 7623(b) denials get a preliminary letter and a 30-day review and comment period; 7623(a) preliminary award notification followed in December 2014.","source_id":"usa-tigta-wbo-audit-2016","location":"p. 7 (printed), footnotes 8, 10 and 11","quote":"For § 7623(b) denials prior to October 2014, the WO letter to whistleblowers did not provide the basis for denial.","countries":"","short_title":"IRS rejection and denial letters start giving reasons; preliminary 7623(b) denials with 30-day comment period","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-551bc87c71","date":"2014-09-22","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"award","title":"Record SEC award of more than $30 million","description":"Largest award to that date; to a foreign resident.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2014","location":"p. 10","quote":"the Commission authorized an award of more than $30 million to a whistleblower","countries":"","short_title":"Record SEC award of more than $30 million","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-1b481b6f5a","date":"2014-09-02","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Minimum penalty for a public-interest reward raised to KRW 1 million","description":"Enforcement Decree of the Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act revised so that no reward is paid where the penalty imposed is below KRW 1 million (previously KRW 500,000), aimed at \"bounty hunter\" reporters.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2014","location":"p. 73","quote":"The Commission revised the Enforcement Decree of the Act on the Protection of Public Interest Whistleblowers on Sep. 2, 2014.","countries":"","short_title":"Minimum penalty for a public-interest reward raised to KRW 1 million","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-e54bcbbd9d","date":"2014-09-02","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Minimum public-interest reward raised: rewards of KRW 200,000 or less not paid","description":"An amendment of the PIWPA decree (Presidential Decree 25586) changes the minimum reward: rewards computed at KRW 200,000 or less are no longer paid (previously below KRW 100,000), for reports made from 2 Sep 2014. The same amendment lets relief (구조금) be cut or refused on the grounds used for rewards.","source_id":"kor-moleg-piwpa-decree-2016","location":"art. 22(3); art. 26(4); addendum <제25586호,2014.9.2>","quote":"이 영 시행 전에 공익신고를 한 자에 대한 해당 공익신고와 관련한 보상금의 지급에 관하여는 제22조제3항의 개정규정에도 불구하고 종전의 규정에 따른다","countries":"","short_title":"Minimum public-interest reward raised: rewards of KRW 200,000 or less not paid","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-dbbf22822a","date":"2014-08-20","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"Deputy Commissioner memo on timely use of whistleblower information","description":"IRS Deputy Commissioner for Services and Enforcement stresses the value of whistleblower information and timely evaluation.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2014","location":"PDF p. 7, III.A Program Guidance","quote":"The Deputy Commissioner for Services and Enforcement issued a memorandum on August 20, 2014, highlighting the value of whistleblower information","countries":"","short_title":"Deputy Commissioner memo on timely use of whistleblower information","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-ae51d8670e","date":"2014-08-12","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Comprehensive final regulations (26 CFR 301.7623-1 to -4)","description":"Final regulations cover submitting information, claims, administrative proceedings, award determination and payment, and key definitions; effective 12 August 2014.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2014","location":"PDF p. 7, III.A Program Guidance","quote":"On August 12, 2014, final regulations were published in the Federal Register.","countries":"","short_title":"Comprehensive final regulations (26 CFR 301.7623-1 to -4)","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-0ffc0def34","date":"2014-08-12","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"T.D. 9687 sets the 15/22/30 award framework","description":"Final regulations (26 CFR 301.7623-1 to -4) set the award-percentage computation, administrative proceedings and payment timing; effective 12 Aug 2014.","source_id":"usa-ecfr-26cfr301-7623-4-2026","location":"§ 301.7623-4, effective date note","quote":"This rule is effective on August 12, 2014.","countries":"","short_title":"T.D. 9687 sets the 15/22/30 award framework","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-8e9a0a0dfb","date":"2014-07-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"SVK","program_id":"svk-pmu-cartel-rewards","category":"launch","title":"Slovak Antimonopoly Office introduces cartel informant reward","description":"An amendment to the Competition Act (136/2001) introduces a reward for natural persons who provide evidence of a cartel: 1% of fines, up to EUR 100,000.","source_id":"svk-pmu-vs-2014","location":"PDF p. 11","quote":"Úplnou novinkou v slovenskej súťažnej praxi je zavedenie inštitútu oznamovateľa, t.j. finančnej odmeny pre fyzické osoby za predloženie dôkazov o karteli.","countries":"","short_title":"Slovak Antimonopoly Office introduces cartel informant reward","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-d600279b94","date":"2014-07","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"GBR","program_id":"","category":"context","title":"FCA and PRA decide against US-style rewards","description":"Note to the Treasury Select Committee: after studying US programmes, the FCA and PRA conclude that incentives would not increase the number or quality of disclosures and propose not to introduce them.","source_id":"gbr-fca-pra-incentives-2014","location":"p. 7, para 29","quote":"We therefore propose not to introduce financial incentives, but to press ahead with the regulatory changes necessary to require firms to have effective whistleblowing procedures","countries":"","short_title":"FCA and PRA decide against US-style rewards","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-bd45c3e093","date":"2014-06-25","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"GBR","program_id":"","category":"context","title":"UK government rejects financial incentives for whistleblowers","description":"The Department for Business, Innovation and Skills' response to its Call for Evidence on Whistleblowing says financial incentives should not be an integral part of the framework (as reported by the FCA and PRA).","source_id":"gbr-fca-pra-incentives-2014","location":"p. 2, 'Key points'","quote":"We note also that the response published on 25 June by BIS to their Call for Evidence on Whistleblowing states that the Government does not believe that financial incentives should form an integral part of the whistleblowing framework.","countries":"","short_title":"UK government rejects financial incentives for whistleblowers","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-e59272919d","date":"2014-06-16","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC brings its first anti-retaliation case (Paradigm Capital Management)","description":"The SEC charged hedge fund adviser Paradigm Capital Management and its owner with retaliating against the head trader who reported prohibited principal transactions; they agreed to pay $2.2 million to settle the retaliation and other charges.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2014","location":"PDF p. 22 (printed p. 18)","quote":"On June 16, 2014, the SEC exercised its anti-retaliation authority for the first time","countries":"","short_title":"SEC brings its first anti-retaliation case (Paradigm Capital Management)","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-ffe3dd555d","date":"2014-06-16","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC charges a hedge fund adviser with retaliating against a whistleblower","description":"First SEC retaliation charge listed on the whistleblower press-release page (Release 2014-118).","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-press-releases-list-2021","location":"list row dated June 16, 2014, Release No. 2014-118","quote":"SEC Charges Hedge Fund Adviser With Conducting Conflicted Transactions and Retaliating Against Whistleblower","countries":"","short_title":"SEC charges a hedge fund adviser with retaliating against a whistleblower","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-8099811cff","date":"2014-06-03","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC counts sanctions 'deemed satisfied' in other agencies' actions as collected for awards","description":"In an award order the Commission interpreted Section 21F(b)(1) so that disgorgement and interest in an SEC covered action that are deemed satisfied by payments in a civil action brought by another government authority count as collected when calculating the whistleblower award.","source_id":"usa-sec-wb-order-34-72301","location":"p. 2, footnote 1","quote":"to include amounts that are deemed satisfied when collected in actions brought by other governmental authorities.","countries":"","short_title":"SEC counts sanctions 'deemed satisfied' in other agencies' actions as collected for awards","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-72623aee2a","date":"2014-03-04","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"Supreme Court: Sarbanes-Oxley protection covers employees of contractors (Lawson v. FMR)","description":"The Supreme Court held that Sarbanes-Oxley anti-retaliation protection extends to employees of contractors of public companies; the SEC notes this also widens Dodd-Frank protection.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2014","location":"PDF p. 23 (printed p. 19)","quote":"the Supreme Court, on March 4, 2014, held that the Sarbanes-Oxley’s anti-retaliation protections are not limited to employees of publicly-traded companies","countries":"","short_title":"Supreme Court: Sarbanes-Oxley protection covers employees of contractors (Lawson v. FMR)","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-dcf1a85302","date":"2014-01-24","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"HUN","program_id":"hun-gvh-informant-rewards","category":"award","title":"GVH press conference on first cartel case with an informant reward payment","description":"The Hungarian Competition Authority holds a press conference on the first cartel case in which an informant reward was paid (office supplies, Vj-43/2011).","source_id":"hun-gvh-ogy-beszamolo-2014","location":"PDF p. 22, calendar of events","quote":"január 24. Sajtótájékoztató az első informátori díjkifizetéssel érintett kartell ügyében.","countries":"","short_title":"GVH press conference on first cartel case with an informant reward payment","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-33f3737574","date":"2014","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"award","title":"First CFTC whistleblower award paid","description":"One award ($246,000 from the Fund) in an unlawful trading case, FY2014.","source_id":"usa-cftc-wb-ar-2014","location":"p. 2","quote":"The Commission paid one whistleblower award during the Period in an unlawful trading case.","countries":"","short_title":"First CFTC whistleblower award paid","plain_summary":"","year":"2014"},{"event_id":"e-2a94fb2088","date":"2013-11","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"legal","title":"GAO opinion lets the CFTC refill its whistleblower fund in full","description":"A GAO assessment issued in November 2013 interpreted that collections should be deposited in full into the Customer Protection Fund while its balance is below $100 million at the time of collection. The CFTC then recovered $176.1 million from the Treasury in the third quarter of FY2014 and moved it into the Fund, as if the full $200 million Barclays collection of FY2012 had gone in.","source_id":"usa-cftc-wb-ar-2014","location":"PDF p. 20, financial statements Note 1.F","quote":"an independent assessment by the Government Accountability Office issued in November 2013 interpreted that collections should be kept intact and deposited in full into the Fund as long as the fund balance is below $100 million at the time of collection. As a result, the Commission recovered $176.1 million from the U.S. Department of the Treasury in the third quarter of fiscal year 2014","countries":"","short_title":"GAO opinion lets the CFTC refill its whistleblower fund in full","plain_summary":"","year":"2013"},{"event_id":"e-b2c449afaa","date":"2013-10-15","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"context","title":"Government Welfare Fraud Report Center established under the ACRC","description":"Centre for reports of fraudulent welfare claims, later (19 Jan 2015) the Center for Reporting Public Subsidy Fraud.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2015","location":"PDF p. 36 (report p. 71)","quote":"The government established the “Government Welfare Fraud Report Center” under the ACRC on October 15, 2013","countries":"","short_title":"Government Welfare Fraud Report Center established under the ACRC","plain_summary":"","year":"2013"},{"event_id":"e-4e5acd9a7f","date":"2013-10-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"award","title":"Record SEC award of over $14 million","description":"Largest award to that date.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2013","location":"p. 16","quote":"awarding over $14 million to a whistleblower","countries":"","short_title":"Record SEC award of over $14 million","plain_summary":"","year":"2013"},{"event_id":"e-b58ec9cbeb","date":"2013-09-26","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"legal","title":"Government bill to amend the Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act submitted","description":"Bill widening the laws covered, culpability mitigation and enforcement of ACRC protection decisions submitted to the National Assembly; under sub-committee review from 3 Dec 2014.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2014","location":"p. 72","quote":"finally submitted the draft for the revision to the National Assembly on Sep. 26, 2013","countries":"","short_title":"Government bill to amend the Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act submitted","plain_summary":"","year":"2013"},{"event_id":"e-f38f02ae8f","date":"2013-08-29","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"DOJ announces the Swiss Bank Program","description":"A path for Swiss banks to resolve US tax-evasion liability by disclosure, cooperation and penalties; a consequence of the UBS case.","source_id":"usa-doj-swiss-bank-final-npa-pr-2016","location":"'The Swiss Bank Program' paragraph","quote":"The Swiss Bank Program, which was announced on Aug. 29, 2013, provides a path for Swiss banks to resolve potential criminal liabilities in the United States.","countries":"","short_title":"DOJ announces the Swiss Bank Program","plain_summary":"","year":"2013"},{"event_id":"e-41c555e243","date":"2013-07-17","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"Fifth Circuit in Asadi v. G.E. Energy limits Dodd-Frank retaliation protection","description":"The Fifth Circuit held that the Dodd-Frank anti-retaliation provision gives a private cause of action only to employees who report directly to the SEC, contrary to the SEC's rule and several district courts.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2013","location":"PDF p. 10 (printed p. 6), footnote 7","quote":"On July 17, 2013, the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit in Asadi v. G.E. Energy (USA), L.L.C., 720 F 3d 620 (5th Cir 2013) held that the anti-retaliation provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act provide a private cause of action only for those employees who provide allegations of possible securities law violations directly to the Commission","countries":"","short_title":"Fifth Circuit in Asadi v. G.E. Energy limits Dodd-Frank retaliation protection","plain_summary":"","year":"2013"},{"event_id":"e-3ff22e4439","date":"2013-07","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"context","title":"CFTC hires a new Whistleblower Office Director","description":"The Commission hired a new Director of the Whistleblower Office in July 2013.","source_id":"usa-cftc-wb-ar-2013","location":"p. 3 (printed 3), Section II","quote":"The Commission hired a new WBO Director in July 2013.","countries":"","short_title":"CFTC hires a new Whistleblower Office Director","plain_summary":"","year":"2013"},{"event_id":"e-795a8b43b2","date":"2013-06","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"Whistleblower Office creates an Award Recommendation and Coordination unit","description":"The ARC unit, handling litigation support and award determinations, was developed in June 2013; ICE and ARC staffing roughly doubled in FY2015.","source_id":"usa-tigta-wbo-audit-2016","location":"p. 3 (printed)","quote":"development of the ARC unit in June 2013, and approximately doubling the staffing for the ICE and ARC units in FY 2015.","countries":"","short_title":"Whistleblower Office creates an Award Recommendation and Coordination unit","plain_summary":"","year":"2013"},{"event_id":"e-2d92ceb27f","date":"2013-04-10","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Public hearing on proposed section 7623 regulations","description":"Hearing on the December 2012 proposed regulations after written comments to 19 Feb 2013; final rules expected in the second quarter of FY2014.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2013","location":"PDF p. 7, III.B Program Guidance","quote":"Written public comments were submitted through February 19, 2013, followed by a hearing on April 10, 2013.","countries":"","short_title":"Public hearing on proposed section 7623 regulations","plain_summary":"","year":"2013"},{"event_id":"e-d39ab6e2f6","date":"2013-04","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Whistleblower Office notice on sequestration of awards","description":"Notice that awards paid from 1 March 2013 are cut by sequestration (8.7 percent).","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2013","location":"PDF p. 8, C. Program Operations","quote":"In April 2013, the Whistleblower Office issued a notice regarding the impact of the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, as amended.","countries":"","short_title":"Whistleblower Office notice on sequestration of awards","plain_summary":"","year":"2013"},{"event_id":"e-9dec9ad27d","date":"2013-03-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Sequestration cuts whistleblower awards by 8.7%","description":"Under the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act, award payments made on or after 1 March 2013 are reduced (8.7% in FY2013); the cut recurs in later years at different rates.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2013","location":"PDF p. 8, C. Program Operations","quote":"As applied to payments under section 7623, the required reductions were 8.7 percent of the amount that would otherwise have been payable.","countries":"","short_title":"Sequestration cuts whistleblower awards by 8.7%","plain_summary":"","year":"2013"},{"event_id":"e-d5152d5cbf","date":"2013-01-18","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"legal","title":"SEC Inspector General evaluates the whistleblower programme","description":"OIG Report No. 511 found OWB generally prompt, recommended adding performance metrics; found no programme changes necessary.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2013","location":"pp. 17-19","quote":"OIG recommended that the whistleblower program's internal controls be strengthened by adding performance metrics","countries":"","short_title":"SEC Inspector General evaluates the whistleblower programme","plain_summary":"","year":"2013"},{"event_id":"e-ab857f60fb","date":"2012-12-18","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Proposed comprehensive section 7623 regulations","description":"Notice of Proposed Rulemaking: framework for receipt of submissions, evaluation of contribution, and award determination and payment; comments due 19 Feb 2013.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2012","location":"PDF p. 9, III.C Program Guidance","quote":"On December 18, 2012, a Notice of Proposed Rulemaking was published in the Federal Register.","countries":"","short_title":"Proposed comprehensive section 7623 regulations","plain_summary":"","year":"2012"},{"event_id":"e-f6f8a13eba","date":"2012-09-11","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"award","title":"IRS pays Birkenfeld $104 million","description":"Largest IRS whistleblower award to date, paid to a whistleblower who had served prison time in the same affair.","source_id":"intl-csmonitor-ap-birkenfeld-award-2012","location":"para 1","quote":"the largest amount ever awarded by the Internal Revenue Service, lawyers for the whistleblower announced Tuesday","countries":"","short_title":"IRS pays Birkenfeld $104 million","plain_summary":"","year":"2012"},{"event_id":"e-802451b0b8","date":"2012-09-10","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"context","title":"CFTC launches web portal for whistleblower tips","description":"The Commission launched its web portal for receiving tips, complaints and referrals (Form TCR) on 10 September 2012.","source_id":"usa-cftc-wb-ar-2012","location":"p. 2 (printed 2), Section II","quote":"through the Commission's web portal for receiving tips, complaints and referrals, which was launched on September 10, 2012","countries":"","short_title":"CFTC launches web portal for whistleblower tips","plain_summary":"","year":"2012"},{"event_id":"e-d9fa8625ff","date":"2012-08-27","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"award","title":"IRS pays record US$104 million whistleblower award","description":"Largest IRS whistleblower award to that date, confirmed by the IRS under a limited privacy waiver (publicly identified as Bradley Birkenfeld / UBS).","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2012","location":"PDF p. 10, footnote 11","quote":"on August 27, 2012, the IRS paid an award of $104 million to a whistleblower.","countries":"","short_title":"IRS pays record US$104 million whistleblower award","plain_summary":"","year":"2012"},{"event_id":"e-15f3802075","date":"2012-08-21","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"award","title":"First SEC whistleblower award","description":"First award under the programme: 30% of sanctions collected, nearly $50,000 paid.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2012","location":"p. 8","quote":"During Fiscal Year 2012, the Commission made its first award under the whistleblower program.","countries":"","short_title":"First SEC whistleblower award","plain_summary":"","year":"2012"},{"event_id":"e-620d8213e2","date":"2012-07-02","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"award","title":"GSK $3 billion, largest health care fraud settlement in US history","description":"GSK pleaded guilty and paid $3 billion; four qui tam suits resolved.","source_id":"usa-doj-gsk-pr-2012","location":"para 1","quote":"The resolution is the largest health care fraud settlement in U.S. history and the largest payment ever by a drug company.","countries":"","short_title":"GSK $3 billion, largest health care fraud settlement in US history","plain_summary":"","year":"2012"},{"event_id":"e-72361ce93a","date":"2012-06-20","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"Deputy Commissioner memo sets performance objectives for whistleblower claims","description":"Memorandum to division heads on the value of whistleblower information, timely evaluation, debriefings, and performance objectives for evaluations and award determinations.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2012","location":"PDF p. 9, III.C Program Guidance","quote":"On June 20, 2012, the Deputy Commissioner for Services and Enforcement issued a memorandum to the Operating Division Commissioners","countries":"","short_title":"Deputy Commissioner memo sets performance objectives for whistleblower claims","plain_summary":"","year":"2012"},{"event_id":"e-9a2cc1d0db","date":"2012-06-07","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Interim guidance on award timing and computation (effective 1 Aug 2012)","description":"Whistleblower Office interim guidance adds rules on award timing and computation, tax withholding on award payments and administrative proceedings.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2012","location":"PDF p. 9, C. Program Guidance","quote":"On June 7, 2012, the Director of the Whistleblower Office issued interim guidance with an effective date of August 1, 2012.","countries":"","short_title":"Interim guidance on award timing and computation (effective 1 Aug 2012)","plain_summary":"","year":"2012"},{"event_id":"e-252e9da3cd","date":"2012-02-22","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Final regulations define \"collected proceeds\"","description":"Final regulations clarify \"proceeds of amounts collected\" and \"collected proceeds\", including refund-prevention claims and reductions of overpayment credit balances.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2012","location":"PDF p. 9, C. Program Guidance","quote":"The IRS issued final regulations on February 22, 2012, which clarified the definitions of “proceeds of amounts collected” and “collected proceeds”","countries":"","short_title":"Final regulations define \"collected proceeds\"","plain_summary":"","year":"2012"},{"event_id":"e-72ae409c77","date":"2012-01-17","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"context","title":"Jane Norberg named OWB Deputy Chief","description":"The Commission named Jane A. Norberg Deputy Chief of the Office of the Whistleblower.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2012","location":"PDF p. 4 (printed p. 2), Section II","quote":"On January 17, 2012, the Commission named Jane A. Norberg as the Office’s Deputy Chief.","countries":"","short_title":"Jane Norberg named OWB Deputy Chief","plain_summary":"","year":"2012"},{"event_id":"e-f1a5d37021","date":"2012-01","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"Informant Claims Examination unit moves into the Whistleblower Office","description":"SB/SE transfers the 13-person ICE unit, which handles discretionary 7623(a) claims, to the Whistleblower Office; office staff reaches 36 by the end of FY2012.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2012","location":"PDF p. 7, III.A Staffing","quote":"In January 2012, the Small Business/Self-Employed (SB/SE) Division transferred the Informant Claims Examination (ICE) Unit to the Whistleblower Office.","countries":"","short_title":"Informant Claims Examination unit moves into the Whistleblower Office","plain_summary":"","year":"2012"},{"event_id":"e-822ed7d53d","date":"2011-12-28","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"legal","title":"Tax Court proposes rules to protect taxpayer information in whistleblower cases","description":"Proposed Tax Court rules to protect taxpayer information, and in some cases the whistleblower's identity, in whistleblower award appeals.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2011","location":"PDF p. 16, footnote 15","quote":"On December 28, 2011, the Tax Court proposed rules to require protection of taxpayer information in Tax Court proceedings","countries":"","short_title":"Tax Court proposes rules to protect taxpayer information in whistleblower cases","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-d52f89c2e5","date":"2011-10-26","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"context","title":"ACRC creates two public-interest whistleblowing divisions","description":"The Public Interest Whistleblowing Inspection & Policy Division and the Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Division were set up within the ACRC.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2011","location":"p. 69","quote":"the Public Interest Whistleblowing Inspection & Policy Division and the Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Division were established on October 26, 2011","countries":"","short_title":"ACRC creates two public-interest whistleblowing divisions","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-84f208613a","date":"2011-09-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"launch","title":"Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act takes effect","description":"Korea's public-interest whistleblowing law (private-sector violations of health, safety, environment, consumer interests and fair competition) takes effect, with rewards paid by the ACRC.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2015","location":"PDF p. 36","quote":"The ACRC established the Act on the Protection of Public Interest Whistleblowers (effectuated on Sep. 30, 2011","countries":"","short_title":"Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act takes effect","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-7bf54c65e4","date":"2011-09-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"context","title":"Corruption Report Center becomes the Corruption and Public Interest Violation Report Center","description":"The ACRC expanded its Corruption Report Center to also receive public-interest violation reports when the new Act took effect.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2011","location":"p. 69","quote":"the Commission has expanded the existing Corruption Report Center to the Corruption and Public Interest Violation Report Center on September 30, 2011","countries":"","short_title":"Corruption Report Center becomes the Corruption and Public Interest Violation Report Center","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-e73db3f059","date":"2011-09-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"launch","title":"PIWPA decree enacted: 169 laws covered, rewards 20% down to 4%, cap KRW 1 billion","description":"The first Enforcement Decree of the Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act (Presidential Decree 23198) takes effect with the Act: it lists 169 covered laws, sets rewards from 20% down to 4% of the recovered amount (annex 2), a KRW 1 billion cap, and relief decisions within 90 days.","source_id":"kor-moleg-piwpa-decree-2011","location":"reason statement (제정이유); arts. 22, 27; annex 2","quote":"「공익신고자 보호법」이 제정(법률 제10472호, 2011. 3. 29. 제정, 9. 30. 시행)됨에 따라","countries":"","short_title":"PIWPA decree enacted: 169 laws covered, rewards 20% down to 4%, cap KRW 1 billion","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-8a9444fcef","date":"2011-08-25","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"CFTC adopts whistleblower rules (17 CFR Part 165)","description":"Final rules implementing CEA Section 23 issued 25 Aug 2011 (76 Fed. Reg. 53172), effective 24 Oct 2011.","source_id":"usa-cftc-wb-ar-2011","location":"p. 3","quote":"The Commission issued final rules implementing Section23 of the CEA on August 25, 2011. These rules became effective on October 24, 2011.","countries":"","short_title":"CFTC adopts whistleblower rules (17 CFR Part 165)","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-c5ea2a42a7","date":"2011-08-25","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"CFTC whistleblower rules (Part 165) published","description":"Part 165 whistleblower rules implementing Section 23 of the Commodity Exchange Act published in the Federal Register.","source_id":"usa-ecfr-17cfr165-2026","location":"Source note, 17 CFR Part 165","quote":"76 FR 53200, Aug. 25, 2011, unless otherwise noted.","countries":"","short_title":"CFTC whistleblower rules (Part 165) published","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-7aca9a8b63","date":"2011-08-12","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"launch","title":"SEC whistleblower rules take effect; first 170 Notices of Covered Action","description":"Regulation 21F took effect and OWB posted Notices of Covered Action for 170 judgments and orders with sanctions over $1 million.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2011","location":"p. 8","quote":"On August 12, 2011, the Office of the Whistleblower posted Notices of Covered Actions for the 170 applicable enforcement judgments and orders","countries":"","short_title":"SEC whistleblower rules take effect; first 170 Notices of Covered Action","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-133b9cdadc","date":"2011-08","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"GAO report on the Whistleblower Office","description":"GAO reviews the Whistleblower Office and recommends better case data to track aging claims; the IRS generally agrees.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2011","location":"PDF p. 7, III.B","quote":"In August 2011, the Government Accountability Office (GAO) published a report on its review of the Whistleblower Office.","countries":"","short_title":"GAO report on the Whistleblower Office","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-e51d43100e","date":"2011-06-13","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"SEC whistleblower rules (Regulation 21F) published","description":"Rules 21F-1 to 21F-17 implementing Section 21F of the Exchange Act published in the Federal Register.","source_id":"usa-ecfr-17cfr240-21f-2026","location":"Source note, 17 CFR 240.21F","quote":"Sections 240.21F-1 through 240.21F-17 appear at 76 FR 34363, June 13, 2011.","countries":"","short_title":"SEC whistleblower rules (Regulation 21F) published","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-f85fe64e2f","date":"2011-05-25","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"rule_change","title":"SEC adopts Regulation 21F","description":"Final whistleblower rules adopted 25 May 2011, effective 12 August 2011.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2011","location":"p. 3","quote":"On May 25, 2011, the Commission adopted final Regulation 21F, which became effective on August 12, 2011","countries":"","short_title":"SEC adopts Regulation 21F","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-cf6d33ee6c","date":"2011-05-25","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"launch","title":"SEC establishes the Office of the Whistleblower","description":"The SEC set up OWB as a separate office within the Division of Enforcement to administer section 21F.","source_id":"usa-sec-oig-575-2022","location":"PDF p. 8 (printed p. 2), Background","quote":"On May 25, 2011, the SEC established OWB as a separate office within the SEC’s Division of Enforcement","countries":"","short_title":"SEC establishes the Office of the Whistleblower","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-4eef1e0b08","date":"2011-05-11","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Public hearing on proposed \"collected proceeds\" regulation","description":"Public hearing on the January 2011 proposed regulation defining collected proceeds; final regulation issued 22 Feb 2012.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2011","location":"PDF p. 4, I. Executive Summary","quote":"A public hearing on the proposed regulation was held on May 11, 2011.","countries":"","short_title":"Public hearing on proposed \"collected proceeds\" regulation","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-47043db737","date":"2011-04","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"award","title":"First 7623(b) award paid","description":"IRS paid the first award under the expanded 7623(b) programme in April 2011, more than four years after the programme began.","source_id":"usa-gao-16-20","location":"p. 23 (printed), footnote 26","quote":"the first high-dollar award was paid in April 2011","countries":"","short_title":"First 7623(b) award paid","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-77f1dceab0","date":"2011-03-29","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"legal","title":"Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act promulgated","description":"The Act on the Protection of Public Interest Whistleblowers was established and promulgated on 29 March 2011; it took effect on 30 September 2011 with its Enforcement Decree.","source_id":"kor-acrc-ar-2011","location":"p. 69","quote":"The Act was established and promulgated on March 29 in 2011","countries":"","short_title":"Public Interest Whistleblower Protection Act promulgated","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-633007bfc1","date":"2011-03-15","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Final regulations on contracts with whistleblowers (section 6103(n))","description":"Final regulations on contracts for services with whistleblowers, and the disclosure of taxpayer information under them, take effect.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2011","location":"PDF p. 8-9, III.C Program Guidance","quote":"Final regulations governing the use of contracts for services related to the detection of violations of the internal revenue laws or related statutes were published and became ... effective on March 15, 2011.","countries":"","short_title":"Final regulations on contracts with whistleblowers (section 6103(n))","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-b08086f459","date":"2011-02-18","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"launch","title":"Office of the Whistleblower head appointed","description":"The SEC appointed Sean X. McKessy to head the new Office of the Whistleblower.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2011","location":"p. 3","quote":"On February 18, 2011, the Commission announced the appointment of Sean X. McKessy to head the newly-created Office of the Whistleblower","countries":"","short_title":"Office of the Whistleblower head appointed","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-78a7022a64","date":"2011-01-18","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Proposed regulation on \"collected proceeds\"","description":"The IRS proposes defining collected proceeds for 7623(a) and (b), including reductions of overpayment credit balances and refund-prevention claims.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2010","location":"PDF p. 11, IV.1.a","quote":"On January 18, 2011, the IRS issued proposed regulations seeking public comment on a proposal to define the term “collected proceeds”","countries":"","short_title":"Proposed regulation on \"collected proceeds\"","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-d299be07c3","date":"2011-01-18","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Proposed regulations widen \"collected proceeds\"","description":"IRS proposed regulations (76 Fed. Reg. 2852) defining collected proceeds to include denied refunds and reduced overpayment credits when computing awards.","source_id":"usa-gao-11-683","location":"p. 7 (printed), footnote 10","quote":"76 Fed. Reg. 2852 (Jan. 18, 2011)","countries":"","short_title":"Proposed regulations widen \"collected proceeds\"","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-9d7880cca5","date":"2011","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"award","title":"First awards under section 7623(b) paid","description":"In FY2011 the IRS paid the first awards under the 2006 law; too few to report separately.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2011","location":"PDF p. 9, D. Program Operations","quote":"In FY 2011, the Whistleblower Office paid the first claims under the 2006 amendments to section 7623.","countries":"","short_title":"First awards under section 7623(b) paid","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-06c360cc79","date":"2011","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"","category":"closure","title":"Patent false-marking qui tam replaced (Leahy-Smith America Invents Act)","description":"P.L. 112-29 replaced the Patent Act qui tam provision (35 U.S.C. 292) with a cause of action for victims.","source_id":"usa-crs-r40785-2021","location":"p. 4 (PDF p. 8) and fn 26","quote":"The Leahy-Smith America Invests Act replaced the Patent Act qui tam provision with one that affords victims a cause of action.","countries":"","short_title":"Patent false-marking qui tam replaced (Leahy-Smith America Invents Act)","plain_summary":"","year":"2011"},{"event_id":"e-086402f5ac","date":"2010-12","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"Whistleblower Office creates a Strategic Planning and Program Administration unit","description":"The SPPA unit (budget, policy, staffing, planning, congressional liaison) was developed in December 2010, part of the growth of the office from 20 employees in FY2011 to 61 in FY2015.","source_id":"usa-tigta-wbo-audit-2016","location":"p. 3 (printed)","quote":"Significant organization and staffing changes included development of the SPPA unit in December 2010","countries":"","short_title":"Whistleblower Office creates a Strategic Planning and Program Administration unit","plain_summary":"","year":"2010"},{"event_id":"e-2ae49caee5","date":"2010-10-26","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"award","title":"GSK/SB Pharmco $750 million; whistleblower Cheryl Eckard gets about $96 million","description":"Named relator Cheryl Eckard received about $96 million from the federal share.","source_id":"usa-doj-gsk-sb-pharmco-pr-2010","location":"para 7","quote":"the whistleblower - Cheryl Eckard - will receive approximately $96 million","countries":"","short_title":"GSK/SB Pharmco $750 million; whistleblower Cheryl Eckard gets about $96 million","plain_summary":"","year":"2010"},{"event_id":"e-103c6594e2","date":"2010-08","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"Whistleblower Office staff increase to 21 authorised","description":"After reviewing intake and expected workload, the IRS authorises raising Whistleblower Office staff from 17 to 21.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2010","location":"PDF p. 7, III.A Staffing","quote":"the IRS authorized a staff increase to 21 in August 2010.","countries":"","short_title":"Whistleblower Office staff increase to 21 authorised","plain_summary":"","year":"2010"},{"event_id":"e-7e02a35c07","date":"2010-07-27","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-ilag-fca","category":"rule_change","title":"Illinois False Claims Act amended (HB 5951)","description":"Governor Quinn signed House Bill 5951, drafted by the Attorney General, amending the Illinois False Claims Act (improved investigative powers, recovery of investigation and litigation costs); effective immediately. Date: the 28 July 2010 release says the Governor signed it 'yesterday'.","source_id":"usa-ilag-pr-fca-amended-2010","location":"press release, para 3","quote":"The General Assembly unanimously passed the bill and Governor Quinn signed it yesterday. The new law takes effect immediately.","countries":"","short_title":"Illinois False Claims Act amended (HB 5951)","plain_summary":"","year":"2010"},{"event_id":"e-1a5b6b9af8","date":"2010-07-21","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"launch","title":"Dodd-Frank Act creates SEC and CFTC whistleblower award programmes","description":"Sections 922 (SEC) and 748 (CFTC) require awards of 10-30% of monetary sanctions collected in successful actions.","source_id":"usa-congress-pl111-203-2010","location":"Sec. 922, 124 Stat. 1842 (PDF p. 468)","quote":"not less than 10 percent, in total, of what has been collected of the monetary sanctions imposed in the action or related actions","countries":"","short_title":"Dodd-Frank Act creates SEC and CFTC whistleblower award programmes","plain_summary":"","year":"2010"},{"event_id":"e-76981b4d29","date":"2010-07-21","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"launch","title":"Dodd-Frank Act section 748: CFTC whistleblower programme","description":"Section 748 added commodity whistleblower incentives and protection to the Commodity Exchange Act.","source_id":"usa-congress-pl111-203-2010","location":"Sec. 748, 124 Stat. 1739 (PDF p. 365)","quote":"SEC. 748. COMMODITY WHISTLEBLOWER INCENTIVES AND PROTECTION.","countries":"","short_title":"Dodd-Frank Act section 748: CFTC whistleblower programme","plain_summary":"","year":"2010"},{"event_id":"e-cde04e3114","date":"2010-07-21","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"rule_change","title":"Dodd-Frank adds 3-year limit for FCA retaliation claims","description":"Pub. L. 111-203, sec. 1079A(c) amended 3730(h) (protection of \"associated others\" and an explicit 3-year limitations period for retaliation suits).","source_id":"usa-crs-r40785-2021","location":"p. 10 (PDF p. 14), \"2010 Amendments\"","quote":"Dodd-Frank added an explicit 3-year statute of limitations within which a civil action in response to retaliation must be commenced.","countries":"","short_title":"Dodd-Frank adds 3-year limit for FCA retaliation claims","plain_summary":"","year":"2010"},{"event_id":"e-9130a7209f","date":"2010-07-21","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-cftc-wb","category":"launch","title":"Dodd-Frank Act creates CFTC whistleblower programme","description":"Section 748 added CEA Section 23 (awards of 10-30% of sanctions over $1 million, paid from the new Customer Protection Fund).","source_id":"usa-cftc-wb-ar-2011","location":"p. 2","quote":"Section 748 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act ... amended the CEA by adding Section 23","countries":"","short_title":"Dodd-Frank Act creates CFTC whistleblower programme","plain_summary":"","year":"2010"},{"event_id":"e-caca326a30","date":"2010-07-21","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"launch","title":"Dodd-Frank Act creates SEC whistleblower programme","description":"Section 922 of the Dodd-Frank Act adds Section 21F to the Exchange Act: awards of 10-30% of sanctions over $1 million, paid from the new Investor Protection Fund.","source_id":"usa-sec-owb-ar-2011","location":"p. 1","quote":"Section 922 of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act ... adding Section 21F","countries":"","short_title":"Dodd-Frank Act creates SEC whistleblower programme","plain_summary":"","year":"2010"},{"event_id":"e-eb1d2d22da","date":"2010-06-16","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"IRM 25.2.2 revised: award criteria and whistleblower review of award file","description":"Revised Internal Revenue Manual sets procedures for intake and award determinations, including letting 7623(b) whistleblowers comment on preliminary awards; 7623(a) claims filed from 1 July 2010 use the same percentages as 7623(b).","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2010","location":"PDF p. 8-9, C. Program Guidance","quote":"awards paid in section 7623(a) cases submitted on or after July 1, 2010 ... will be determined using the same criteria and percentages that apply to 7623(b) claims.","countries":"","short_title":"IRM 25.2.2 revised: award criteria and whistleblower review of award file","plain_summary":"","year":"2010"},{"event_id":"e-936c34d358","date":"2010-06","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"IRM 25.2.2 revised again (award process guidance)","description":"Revised IRM 25.2.2 issued in June 2010 with procedures on the award process as an administrative proceeding, disclosure to whistleblowers, award criteria and application of 7623(b) procedures to 7623(a) cases.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2009","location":"printed p. 4-6, footnotes 7 and 10","quote":"Revised IRM 25.2.2 incorporating these changes was issued in June 2010.","countries":"","short_title":"IRM 25.2.2 revised again (award process guidance)","plain_summary":"","year":"2010"},{"event_id":"e-1242253490","date":"2010-04-01","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"HUN","program_id":"hun-gvh-informant-rewards","category":"launch","title":"Hungary introduces informant reward for cartel evidence","description":"An amendment to the Hungarian Competition Act (Tpvt.) introduces a reward of 1% of the fine, up to HUF 50 million, for people who provide indispensable written evidence of hard-core cartels.","source_id":"hun-gvh-ogy-beszamolo-2010","location":"PDF p. 7","quote":"2010. április 1-jével lépett hatályba a Tpvt. azon módosítása, amely bevezette az ún. informátori díj intézményét.","countries":"","short_title":"Hungary introduces informant reward for cartel evidence","plain_summary":"","year":"2010"},{"event_id":"e-a5c3275f7f","date":"2010-03-23","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"rule_change","title":"Affordable Care Act rewrites the public-disclosure bar","description":"Pub. L. 111-148, sec. 10104(j)(2) replaced the jurisdictional public-disclosure bar with a dismissal rule the government can veto, limited qualifying disclosures to federal sources and the news media, and redefined \"original source\".","source_id":"usa-uscode-31-3730-2023","location":"Amendment notes, 2010","quote":"2010 —Subsec. (e)(4). Pub. L. 111–148 added par. (4) and struck out former par. (4)","countries":"","short_title":"Affordable Care Act rewrites the public-disclosure bar","plain_summary":"","year":"2010"},{"event_id":"e-505401e00d","date":"2010-03","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"HUN","program_id":"hun-gvh-informant-rewards","category":"context","title":"GVH press conference on the introduction of the informant reward","description":"At the end of March 2010 the Hungarian Competition Authority held a press conference on the introduction of the informant reward, which took effect on 1 April 2010.","source_id":"hun-gvh-ogy-beszamolo-2010","location":"PDF p. 69 (printed p. 67), para 353","quote":"március végén az informátori díj bevezetésével kapcsolatban","countries":"","short_title":"GVH press conference on the introduction of the informant reward","plain_summary":"","year":"2010"},{"event_id":"e-12c36b3f0a","date":"2009-09-02","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"award","title":"Pfizer $2.3 billion settlement, then the largest health care fraud settlement","description":"Pfizer paid $2.3 billion; six whistleblowers received more than $102 million.","source_id":"usa-doj-pfizer-pr-2009","location":"para 1","quote":"have agreed to pay $2.3 billion, the largest health care fraud settlement in the history of the Department of Justice","countries":"","short_title":"Pfizer $2.3 billion settlement, then the largest health care fraud settlement","plain_summary":"","year":"2009"},{"event_id":"e-1fdc7bdc68","date":"2009-08-31","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-sec-wb","category":"scandal","title":"SEC inspector general: Madoff warnings ignored","description":"The SEC OIG found that between 1992 and 2008 the SEC received six substantive complaints about Madoff, including Harry Markopolos's, but never ran a competent investigation.","source_id":"usa-sec-oig-madoff-report-2009","location":"report p. 21 (PDF p. 41)","quote":"the SEC received six 10 substantive complaints that raised significant red flags concerning Madoff’s hedge fund operations","countries":"","short_title":"SEC inspector general: Madoff warnings ignored","plain_summary":"","year":"2009"},{"event_id":"e-5ff42f9125","date":"2009-08-21","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"legal","title":"Birkenfeld sentenced to 40 months","description":"Bradley Birkenfeld was sentenced to 40 months in prison, despite having given the government information on UBS. (Two days earlier UBS agreed to disclose 4,450 more accounts.)","source_id":"usa-doj-birkenfeld-sentencing-pr-2009","location":"para 1","quote":"has been sentenced to 40 months incarceration by Judge William J. Zloch in Fort Lauderdale, Fla.","countries":"","short_title":"Birkenfeld sentenced to 40 months","plain_summary":"","year":"2009"},{"event_id":"e-f799acc8b1","date":"2009-08-20","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"TIGTA: weak control of whistleblower claims, calls for anti-retaliation law","description":"TIGTA report 2009-30-114 finds the Whistleblower Office relied on several inaccurate inventory systems and had no timeliness standards; it recommends legislation protecting tax whistleblowers from employer retaliation (enacted in 2019).","source_id":"usa-tigta-wbo-audit-2009","location":"pp. 2-3 (Synopsis, Legislative Recommendation)","quote":"Legislation is needed to ensure that informants are protected against retaliation by their employers and to provide specific relief to informants who are retaliated against.","countries":"","short_title":"TIGTA: weak control of whistleblower claims, calls for anti-retaliation law","plain_summary":"","year":"2009"},{"event_id":"e-551f69a7c0","date":"2009-08-19","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"legal","title":"UBS agrees to disclose 4,450 more US customers (\"John Doe\" summons settled)","description":"The civil John Doe summons matter was resolved; UBS agreed to produce identities and account information of 4,450 more customers believed to have broken US law.","source_id":"usa-doj-birkenfeld-sentencing-pr-2009","location":"para 4","quote":"On Aug. 19, 2009, the civil matter was resolved and UBS agreed to produce the identities and account information of 4,450 additional UBS customers who are believed to have violated United States law.","countries":"","short_title":"UBS agrees to disclose 4,450 more US customers (\"John Doe\" summons settled)","plain_summary":"","year":"2009"},{"event_id":"e-9ffb4e5d37","date":"2009-07","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Awards wait for the refund-claim period to expire","description":"From July 2009 the IRS waits until the taxpayer can no longer claim a refund (generally two years after the last payment) before paying an award, delaying some payments to FY2010-2011.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2009","location":"printed p. 8 (PDF p. 9), VI. Whistleblower Awards Paid","quote":"beginning in July 2009, the IRS monitors cases both for collection and then for the expiration of the period for filing a claim for refund.","countries":"","short_title":"Awards wait for the refund-claim period to expire","plain_summary":"","year":"2009"},{"event_id":"e-512ce1c00e","date":"2009-05-28","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Corruption award cap raised from KRW 50 million to KRW 100 million","description":"An amendment of the ACRC Act decree (Presidential Decree 21513) raises the cap on monetary awards (포상금) for corruption reports from KRW 50 million to KRW 100 million, for reports received after it takes effect.","source_id":"kor-moleg-acrc-decree-2014","location":"art. 71(2) and addendum <제21513호,2009.5.28>","quote":"제71조제2항의 개정규정은 부칙 제1조 본문에 따른 제71조제2항의 개정규정의 시행 후 최초로 접수된 신고부터 적용한다","countries":"","short_title":"Corruption award cap raised from KRW 50 million to KRW 100 million","plain_summary":"","year":"2009"},{"event_id":"e-b32ecefbbb","date":"2009-05-20","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"rule_change","title":"Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009 amends the FCA","description":"FERA (Pub. L. 111-21, sec. 4) broadened FCA liability (no need for a claim to be presented directly to a federal officer, materiality defined, conspiracy and reverse false claims expanded) and rewrote the anti-retaliation provision 3730(h).","source_id":"usa-crs-r40785-2021","location":"p. 9 (PDF p. 13), \"2009 Amendments\"","quote":"The amendments of the Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009 reinforced the 1986 amendments","countries":"","short_title":"Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act of 2009 amends the FCA","plain_summary":"","year":"2009"},{"event_id":"e-a23a556d0d","date":"2009-05-20","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"rule_change","title":"FERA amends the False Claims Act (Pub. L. 111-21, sec. 4)","description":"The Fraud Enforcement and Recovery Act rewrites FCA liability (claims to contractors and grantees covered, \"material\" and \"obligation\" defined, reverse false claims), lets the government file its own complaint relating back to the relator's, lets the Attorney General delegate civil investigative demands and share their results with qui tam relators, extends anti-retaliation relief to contractors and agents (reinstatement, two times back pay), and allows service of sealed complaints on state co-plaintiffs. Effective on enactment; the false-record provision applies to claims pending on or after 7 June 2008.","source_id":"usa-pl-111-21-2009","location":"PDF pp. 5-9 (123 Stat. 1621-1625), sec. 4","quote":"Any information obtained by the Attorney General or a designee of the Attorney General under this section may be shared with any qui tam relator if the Attorney General or designee determine it is necessary as part of any false claims act investigation.","countries":"","short_title":"FERA amends the False Claims Act (Pub. L. 111-21, sec. 4)","plain_summary":"","year":"2009"},{"event_id":"e-319c693d67","date":"2009-02-18","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"scandal","title":"UBS deferred prosecution agreement: $780 million and client names","description":"UBS admitted helping US taxpayers hide accounts, agreed to give the US client identities and to pay $780 million.","source_id":"usa-doj-ubs-dpa-pr-2009","location":"subheading","quote":"Agrees to Identify Customers & Pay $780 Million","countries":"","short_title":"UBS deferred prosecution agreement: $780 million and client names","plain_summary":"","year":"2009"},{"event_id":"e-e2f432ce7b","date":"2009-02","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"scandal","title":"UBS deferred prosecution agreement (as reported in the Birkenfeld sentencing release)","description":"UBS admitted helping US taxpayers hide accounts from the IRS and agreed to give the US identities and account information of certain US customers.","source_id":"usa-doj-birkenfeld-sentencing-pr-2009","location":"para 4","quote":"In February 2009, UBS entered into a deferred prosecution agreement and the bank admitted to helping U.S. taxpayers hide accounts from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS).","countries":"","short_title":"UBS deferred prosecution agreement (as reported in the Birkenfeld sentencing release)","plain_summary":"","year":"2009"},{"event_id":"e-e98eebca91","date":"2009-01","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"New case management system for whistleblower claims","description":"The IRS begins recording all new section 7623 claims in a new case management system; legacy data loaded in July 2010.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2010","location":"PDF p. 7, III.B","quote":"In January 2009, the IRS began using a new case management system based on commercial-off-the-shelf technology to record all new section 7623 claims.","countries":"","short_title":"New case management system for whistleblower claims","plain_summary":"","year":"2009"},{"event_id":"e-31427608b2","date":"2009-01","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"New whistleblower case management system in use","description":"The IRS began recording all new section 7623 claims in a new commercial off-the-shelf case management system; by the end of FY2009 all 7623(b) claims had been converted to it.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2009","location":"printed p. 4 (PDF p. 5), III.B Case Management Information System","quote":"In January 2009, the IRS began using a new case management system based on commercial-off-the-shelf technology to record all new section 7623 claims.","countries":"","short_title":"New whistleblower case management system in use","plain_summary":"","year":"2009"},{"event_id":"e-f79a4c2451","date":"2009-01","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"IRS Whistleblower Office starts using the E-TRAK claim inventory system","description":"The initial release of E-TRAK, meant to replace three separate claim-tracking systems (ICEWEB, I-TRAK and an Access database), came into use in January 2009; reporting capabilities were in place by 30 June 2009.","source_id":"usa-tigta-wbo-audit-2009","location":"p. 8 (printed); p. 21 (Appendix IV, OCR)","quote":"The initial release of the system that management has been developing since the standup of the Whistleblower Office was brought into use in January 2009.","countries":"","short_title":"IRS Whistleblower Office starts using the E-TRAK claim inventory system","plain_summary":"","year":"2009"},{"event_id":"e-124a4864bc","date":"2008-12-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"IRM whistleblower award procedures revised","description":"The IRS published revised Internal Revenue Manual provisions on section 7623 after a comprehensive review; the Director of the Whistleblower Office now makes all award determinations, including 7623(a).","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2008","location":"printed p. 6, III.D Program guidance","quote":"published revisions on December 30, 2008","countries":"","short_title":"IRM whistleblower award procedures revised","plain_summary":"","year":"2008"},{"event_id":"e-01820d5760","date":"2008-07","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"Whistleblower Executive Board first meets","description":"The Whistleblower Executive Board (chaired by the Whistleblower Office Director, with Chief Counsel and operating division executives) held its first meeting; the IRS also awarded a contract for a new case management system that month.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2008","location":"printed p. 7, III.D Program guidance","quote":"In July 2008, the Whistleblower Executive Board held its first meeting.","countries":"","short_title":"Whistleblower Executive Board first meets","plain_summary":"","year":"2008"},{"event_id":"e-ac552c9d2b","date":"2008-06-19","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"scandal","title":"Birkenfeld pleads guilty","description":"Former UBS private banker Bradley Birkenfeld pleaded guilty to conspiring to defraud the United States.","source_id":"usa-doj-birkenfeld-sentencing-pr-2009","location":"para 1","quote":"On June 19, 2008, Birkenfeld pleaded guilty to conspiring to defraud the United States","countries":"","short_title":"Birkenfeld pleads guilty","plain_summary":"","year":"2008"},{"event_id":"e-90c85cc5a8","date":"2008-06","date_precision":"month","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"legal","title":"Court authorises IRS \"John Doe\" summons on UBS","description":"The U.S. District Court in Miami authorised the IRS to serve UBS a John Doe summons for records identifying U.S. taxpayers with concealed UBS accounts in Switzerland (the same month Birkenfeld pleaded guilty). Day not given.","source_id":"usa-doj-ubs-dpa-pr-2009","location":"paragraph beginning \"In June 2008, former UBS private banker Bradley Birkenfeld\"","quote":"Also, in June 2008, the U.S. District Court in Miami authorized the Internal Revenue Service to serve upon UBS a so-called \"John Doe\" summons","countries":"","short_title":"Court authorises IRS \"John Doe\" summons on UBS","plain_summary":"","year":"2008"},{"event_id":"e-9aca181233","date":"2008-02-29","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"legal","title":"ACRC Act decree replaces the Anti-Corruption Act decree","description":"With the Act on the Establishment of the Anti-Corruption and Civil Rights Commission (Act 8878, 29 Feb 2008), the new decree (Presidential Decree 20737) repeals the Anti-Corruption Act decree and moves the reward rules to arts. 71-83 unchanged: rewards 20% down to 4% (annex 1), cap KRW 2 billion, awards up to KRW 50 million (self-disclosure up to 20%, KRW 200 million).","source_id":"kor-moleg-acrc-decree-2008","location":"reason statement (제정이유); addendum art. 2","quote":"국민고충처리위원회의 고충민원처리와 국가청렴위원회의 부패방지활동 및 국무총리 행정심판위원회의 기능을 통합하여","countries":"","short_title":"ACRC Act decree replaces the Anti-Corruption Act decree","plain_summary":"","year":"2008"},{"event_id":"e-a07fa7649f","date":"2008-01-14","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Notice 2008-4: first guidance on how to file","description":"Notice 2008-4 gives initial guidance on submitting information and a revised Form 211; all Forms 211 now go to the Whistleblower Office.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2008","location":"printed p. 7, D. Program guidance","quote":"The IRS issued Notice 2008-4 on January 14, 2008.","countries":"","short_title":"Notice 2008-4: first guidance on how to file","plain_summary":"","year":"2008"},{"event_id":"e-db3ed77ac0","date":"2008","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Authority to approve 7623(a) awards delegated to the Whistleblower Office Director","description":"The IRS delegates approval of discretionary section 7623(a) awards to the Director of the Whistleblower Office.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2012","location":"PDF p. 8, III.A Staffing","quote":"In 2008, the IRS delegated authority to approve 7623(a) awards to the Director of the Whistleblower Office","countries":"","short_title":"Authority to approve 7623(a) awards delegated to the Whistleblower Office Director","plain_summary":"","year":"2008"},{"event_id":"e-fae797224e","date":"2007-12-19","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Notice 2008-4: initial guidance on submitting information","description":"IRS Notice 2008-4 and a revised Form 211 give initial guidance on how to submit whistleblower information and the criteria for section 7623(b).","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-ar-fy2010","location":"PDF p. 8, III.C Program Guidance","quote":"The IRS issued Notice 2008-4 on December 19, 2007 to provide initial guidance on how to submit information to the IRS.","countries":"","short_title":"Notice 2008-4: initial guidance on submitting information","plain_summary":"","year":"2007"},{"event_id":"e-3b1541392c","date":"2007-02-02","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"launch","title":"First Whistleblower Office director appointed","description":"The IRS announces Stephen Whitlock as the first Director of the Whistleblower Office.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-first-report-2008","location":"Executive Summary (PDF p. 2)","quote":"On February 2, 2007, the IRS announced the appointment of Stephen Whitlock as the first Director of the IRS Whistleblower Office.","countries":"","short_title":"First Whistleblower Office director appointed","plain_summary":"","year":"2007"},{"event_id":"e-0015a28c52","date":"2006-12-20","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006: mandatory IRS whistleblower awards","description":"Section 406 made IRS awards mandatory at 15-30% of collected proceeds for large cases (over $2 million in dispute; individuals with gross income over $200,000) and created the Whistleblower Office.","source_id":"usa-congress-pl109-432-2006","location":"Sec. 406, 120 Stat. 2958 (PDF p. 38)","quote":"receive as an award at least 15 percent but not more than 30 percent of the collected proceeds","countries":"","short_title":"Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006: mandatory IRS whistleblower awards","plain_summary":"","year":"2006"},{"event_id":"e-6ee34d8484","date":"2006-12-20","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"legal","title":"Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006 creates section 7623(b)","description":"Section 406 of the Act (PL 109-432) re-designates the old discretionary informant-reward law as 7623(a) and adds mandatory awards of 15-30% for cases over $2 million, a Whistleblower Office and Tax Court appeals. Applies to information provided after 19 December 2006.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-first-report-2008","location":"printed p. 2 (PDF p. 4), New Law; Executive Summary","quote":"For information provided to the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) after December 19, 2006, new section 7623(b) generally requires the IRS to pay awards","countries":"","short_title":"Tax Relief and Health Care Act of 2006 creates section 7623(b)","plain_summary":"","year":"2006"},{"event_id":"e-329f336cc7","date":"2006-10-16","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"GHA","program_id":"gha-whistleblower-fund","category":"legal","title":"Ghana Whistleblower Act (Act 720) with a Reward Fund","description":"Act 720 receives assent; it creates a Whistleblower Reward Fund paying 10% of money recovered (or an amount set by the Attorney-General).","source_id":"gha-parliament-act720-2006","location":"PDF p. 3","quote":"DATE OF ASSENT: 16th October, 2006.","countries":"","short_title":"Ghana Whistleblower Act (Act 720) with a Reward Fund","plain_summary":"","year":"2006"},{"event_id":"e-c29808a99c","date":"2006","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"context","title":"Informant claims processing consolidated at Ogden","description":"Informant claims operations formerly at five IRS campuses are consolidated in the Ogden Informant Claims Examination unit in FY2006, completed in FY2007.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-first-report-2008","location":"printed p. 4 (PDF p. 6), Program Operations","quote":"Informant claims operations formerly assigned to five IRS Campuses were consolidated at the Ogden Informant Claims Examination (ICE) unit in FY 2006.","countries":"","short_title":"Informant claims processing consolidated at Ogden","plain_summary":"","year":"2006"},{"event_id":"e-833184d55e","date":"2005-12-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Corruption reward cap raised from KRW 200 million to 2 billion; awards introduced","description":"Decree 19238 raises the reward schedule to 4-20% and the cap tenfold, and sets rules for new monetary awards (포상금) of up to KRW 50 million for reports that serve the public interest without a recovery.","source_id":"kor-moleg-acad-decree-2005","location":"reason statement (개정이유), item 마","quote":"신고보상금 지급한도를 현행 2억원에서 20억원으로 상향조정하고 지급기준도 단계별 보상대상가액에 따라 상향조정함","countries":"","short_title":"Corruption reward cap raised from KRW 200 million to 2 billion; awards introduced","plain_summary":"","year":"2005"},{"event_id":"e-a1aedac44e","date":"2005-12-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Monetary awards for corruption reports set at up to KRW 50 million, or up to 20% (KRW 200 million) for self-disclosure","description":"The amended Anti-Corruption Act decree creates monetary awards (포상금) for reports that bring a public benefit without a revenue recovery: up to KRW 50 million in general, and up to 20% of the amount reported (at most KRW 200 million) for officials who report money or goods they received.","source_id":"kor-moleg-acad-decree-2005","location":"reason statement (개정이유), item 라; art. 35(2)-(3)","quote":"신고금액 및 신고유형에 따라 차등하여 포상금을 지급할 수 있도록 함","countries":"","short_title":"Monetary awards for corruption reports set at up to KRW 50 million, or up to 20% (KRW 200 million) for self-disclosure","plain_summary":"","year":"2005"},{"event_id":"e-2cadfabc44","date":"2003-06-26","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"award","title":"HCA settlement: largest combined qui tam award at the time ($151.6 million)","description":"HCA paid $631 million in civil FCA damages and penalties; whistleblowers received a combined $151,591,500.","source_id":"usa-doj-pr-hca-2003","location":"press release text","quote":"the highest combined qui tam award ever paid out by the government.","countries":"","short_title":"HCA settlement: largest combined qui tam award at the time ($151.6 million)","plain_summary":"","year":"2003"},{"event_id":"e-6d8f5eddbf","date":"2002-11-02","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-doj-firrea-decl","category":"rule_change","title":"FIRREA declarant rewards for convictions made discretionary","description":"Pub. L. 107-273 replaced the declarant's right to a $5,000-$100,000 reward after a criminal conviction (paid from the Financial Institution Information Award Fund) with a discretionary reward by the Attorney General, and repealed 4205(e) on double rewards.","source_id":"usa-uscode-12usc4205-2024","location":"Editorial notes, Amendments, 2002","quote":"Pub. L. 107–273 substituted \"the Attorney General may, in his discretion, pay a reward to the declarant\"","countries":"","short_title":"FIRREA declarant rewards for convictions made discretionary","plain_summary":"","year":"2002"},{"event_id":"e-84aa551560","date":"2002-07-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"","category":"legal","title":"Sarbanes-Oxley Act section 806: protection for corporate whistleblowers","description":"Section 806 created a civil action against retaliation for employees of listed companies who report fraud (18 U.S.C. 1514A). Protection only, no reward.","source_id":"usa-congress-pl107-204-2002","location":"Sec. 806, 116 Stat. 802 (PDF p. 58)","quote":"PROTECTION FOR EMPLOYEES OF PUBLICLY TRADED COMPANIES WHO PROVIDE EVIDENCE OF FRAUD.","countries":"","short_title":"Sarbanes-Oxley Act section 806: protection for corporate whistleblowers","plain_summary":"","year":"2002"},{"event_id":"e-eccb685c2f","date":"2002-01-25","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"KOR","program_id":"kor-acrc-rewards","category":"launch","title":"Anti-Corruption Act takes effect with rewards for corruption reports","description":"The Anti-Corruption Act (Act 6494, enacted 24 Jul 2001) and its decree take effect: people whose corruption reports directly recover public revenue can claim a reward, set at 2-10% of the recovery with a KRW 200 million cap. Run by the Korea Independent Commission Against Corruption, later the ACRC.","source_id":"kor-moleg-acad-act-2001","location":"art. 36(2); effective date 20020125","quote":"부패행위의 신고자는 이 법에 의한 신고로 인하여 직접적인 공공기관 수입의 회복이나 증대 또는 비용의 절감을 가져온 경우에는 위원회에 보상금의 지급을 신청할 수 있다","countries":"","short_title":"Anti-Corruption Act takes effect with rewards for corruption reports","plain_summary":"","year":"2002"},{"event_id":"e-28f94f1823","date":"2000","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"","category":"closure","title":"Second Indian-protection qui tam provision (25 U.S.C. 81) removed","description":"The Indian Tribal Economic Development Act (P.L. 106-179) rewrote 25 U.S.C. 81, ending its qui tam action.","source_id":"usa-crs-r40785-2021","location":"p. 4 (PDF p. 8), fn 25","quote":"This qui tam provision disappeared when the Indian Tribal Economic Development Act rewrote the section, P.L. 106-179, 114 STAT. 46 (2000).","countries":"","short_title":"Second Indian-protection qui tam provision (25 U.S.C. 81) removed","plain_summary":"","year":"2000"},{"event_id":"e-18a52d1956","date":"1996-07-30","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"Taxpayer Bill of Rights 2 rewrites section 7623","description":"Pub. L. 104-168 § 1209 adds detecting underpayments as a purpose and removes the appropriations limit; awards are paid from proceeds collected (effective six months after enactment).","source_id":"usa-uscode-26usc7623-2023","location":"PDF p. 3, amendment notes","quote":"1996—Pub. L. 104–168 substituted ‘‘of underpayments and fraud, etc.’’ for ‘‘and punishment of frauds’’ in section catchline and amended text generally.","countries":"","short_title":"Taxpayer Bill of Rights 2 rewrites section 7623","plain_summary":"","year":"1996"},{"event_id":"e-7f984111fb","date":"1996","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"rule_change","title":"1996 amendments: awards paid from collected proceeds","description":"The 1996 amendments added detecting underpayments of tax as a purpose and changed the funding of awards from IRS appropriations to proceeds collected from the taxpayer.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-first-report-2008","location":"printed p. 1 (PDF p. 3), Prior Law and Policy","quote":"The 1996 amendments also changed the source of funds from IRS operating funds to proceeds of amounts collected from the taxpayer (other than interest).","countries":"","short_title":"1996 amendments: awards paid from collected proceeds","plain_summary":"","year":"1996"},{"event_id":"e-13c3a484e0","date":"1990-11-29","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-doj-firrea-decl","category":"launch","title":"Financial Institutions Anti-Fraud Enforcement Act of 1990","description":"Lets private persons file confidential declarations of bank-fraud violations with the Attorney General and share in recoveries.","source_id":"usa-uscode-12usc4201-2024","location":"12 U.S.C. 4201, credits and short-title note","quote":"(Pub. L. 101–647, title XXV, §2561, Nov. 29, 1990, 104 Stat. 4894.)","countries":"","short_title":"Financial Institutions Anti-Fraud Enforcement Act of 1990","plain_summary":"","year":"1990"},{"event_id":"e-81faca9d1d","date":"1988-11-19","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"rule_change","title":"Reduced or no share for relators who planned the fraud","description":"Pub. L. 100-700 added 3730(d)(3): the court may reduce the share of a relator who planned and initiated the violation, and a relator convicted for that role gets nothing.","source_id":"usa-uscode-31-3730-2023","location":"Amendments, 1988 (PDF p. 5)","quote":"Subsec. (d)(3). Pub. L. 100–700, § 9(a)(1), (2), added par. (3).","countries":"","short_title":"Reduced or no share for relators who planned the fraud","plain_summary":"","year":"1988"},{"event_id":"e-e06aee65ba","date":"1987-12-29","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-doj-apps","category":"launch","title":"APPS reward clauses added (effective 31 Dec 1988)","description":"Pub. L. 100-220 added to 33 U.S.C. 1908 the court's power to pay up to half of a criminal fine, and the Secretary's power to pay up to half of a civil penalty, to the person whose information led to the conviction or penalty; effective 31 Dec 1988, when MARPOL Annex V entered into force for the United States.","source_id":"usa-uscode-33usc1908-2023","location":"Editorial notes, Amendments, 1987, and Effective Date of 1987 Amendment","quote":"Subsec. (a). Pub. L. 100–220, §2105(a)(1), inserted at end \"In the discretion of the Court, an amount equal to not more than ½ of such fine may be paid to the person giving information leading to conviction.\"","countries":"","short_title":"APPS reward clauses added (effective 31 Dec 1988)","plain_summary":"","year":"1987"},{"event_id":"e-54c7fea858","date":"1986-10-27","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"rule_change","title":"False Claims Amendments Act of 1986","description":"The 1986 amendments revived qui tam suits: a relator gets 15-25% of the proceeds when the government takes over the case and 25-30% when the relator goes it alone.","source_id":"usa-congress-pl99-562-1986","location":"100 Stat. 3156 (PDF p. 4)","quote":"receive at least 15 percent but not more than 25 percent of the proceeds of the action or settlement of the claim","countries":"","short_title":"False Claims Amendments Act of 1986","plain_summary":"","year":"1986"},{"event_id":"e-4b6012cebe","date":"1986-10-27","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"rule_change","title":"False Claims Amendments Act of 1986","description":"Pub. L. 99-562 revived qui tam: relator shares of 15-25% (government intervenes) or 25-30% (government declines), treble damages, higher penalties, anti-retaliation protection, and a new public-disclosure bar with an original-source exception. Qui tam filings rose from 31 new matters in FY1987 to hundreds a year.","source_id":"usa-pl-99-562-1986","location":"100 Stat. 3153 (PDF p. 1)","quote":"To amend title 31, United States Code, with respect to the fraudulent use of public property or money.","countries":"","short_title":"False Claims Amendments Act of 1986","plain_summary":"","year":"1986"},{"event_id":"e-1cf0211833","date":"1984-10-12","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fincen-aml-wb","category":"launch","title":"BSA informant rewards enacted","description":"31 U.S.C. 5323 'Rewards for informants' lets Treasury pay up to 25 percent (max $150,000) for information leading to BSA recoveries over $50,000.","source_id":"usa-uscode-31usc5323-2018","location":"31 U.S.C. 5323, credits","quote":"(Added Pub. L. 98–473, title II, §901(e), Oct. 12, 1984, 98 Stat. 2135.)","countries":"","short_title":"BSA informant rewards enacted","plain_summary":"","year":"1984"},{"event_id":"e-a9271a3413","date":"1981-11-16","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-wildlife-rewards","category":"rule_change","title":"Lacey Act Amendments of 1981: rewards from fines and forfeitures","description":"Section 6 of the Lacey Act Amendments of 1981 (16 U.S.C. 3375(d)) directs the Interior or Treasury Secretary to pay, beginning in fiscal year 1983, a reward from penalties, fines or forfeitures to anyone whose information leads to an arrest, conviction, civil penalty or forfeiture; amount set by the Secretary; officials ineligible.","source_id":"usa-uscode-16usc3375-2024","location":"16 U.S.C. 3375(d) and credits","quote":"Beginning in fiscal year 1983, the Secretary or the Secretary of the Treasury shall pay, from sums received as penalties, fines, or forfeitures of property","countries":"","short_title":"Lacey Act Amendments of 1981: rewards from fines and forfeitures","plain_summary":"","year":"1981"},{"event_id":"e-bef7626461","date":"1943-12-23","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"rule_change","title":"1943 amendments curtail qui tam","description":"After the Attorney General sought repeal, Congress instead cut relator shares (max 25%, or 10% if the government took the case), required relators to hand over their evidence, gave the government 60 days to intervene, and barred suits based on information already in government hands (Pub. L. 78-213, 57 Stat. 608).","source_id":"usa-crs-r40785-2021","location":"p. 8 (PDF p. 12)","quote":"The two Houses ultimately reached agreement and passed the compromise as Public Law 78-213.","countries":"","short_title":"1943 amendments curtail qui tam","plain_summary":"","year":"1943"},{"event_id":"e-b8ffce0426","date":"1867","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-irs-wbo","category":"legal","title":"Original informant-reward law","description":"The authority now in section 7623(a) originates in an 1867 law allowing the Treasury to pay sums for detecting and punishing tax violators.","source_id":"usa-irs-wbo-first-report-2008","location":"printed p. 1 (PDF p. 3), Prior Law and Policy","quote":"What is now section 7623(a) ... of the Internal Revenue Code (IRC) has its origins in legislation enacted in 1867.","countries":"","short_title":"Original informant-reward law","plain_summary":"","year":""},{"event_id":"e-93c912425d","date":"1863-03-02","date_precision":"day","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"launch","title":"False Claims Act enacted (Civil War)","description":"Act of March 2, 1863 (12 Stat. 696) let any person sue in the name of the United States to recover penalties for frauds on the government; the relator received half of the recovery.","source_id":"usa-crs-r40785-2021","location":"p. 6 (PDF p. 10)","quote":"The False Claims Act originated as the Act of March 2, 1863.","countries":"","short_title":"False Claims Act enacted (Civil War)","plain_summary":"","year":""},{"event_id":"e-e115a63452","date":"1863","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-fca-qui-tam","category":"launch","title":"False Claims Act enacted ('Lincoln Law')","description":"Congress passed the False Claims Act during the Civil War against fraud by defence contractors; it lets private citizens sue on the government's behalf (qui tam) and share in the recovery.","source_id":"usa-doj-fca-page-2026","location":"main text, para 1","quote":"a federal statute originally enacted in 1863 in response to defense contractor fraud during the American Civil War","countries":"","short_title":"False Claims Act enacted ('Lincoln Law')","plain_summary":"","year":""},{"event_id":"e-823677a3c1","date":"1834","date_precision":"year","jurisdiction":"USA","program_id":"usa-25usc201-qui-tam","category":"launch","title":"Indian protection qui tam provision (25 U.S.C. 201) enacted","description":"Section 201, dating from 1834, lets an informer sue for penalties under five Indian-protection statutes and keep half.","source_id":"usa-crs-r40785-2021","location":"p. 33 (PDF p. 37), \"Indian Protection\"","quote":"Section 201 dates from 1834 and authorizes qui tam actions for violations of five separate statutes","countries":"","short_title":"Indian protection qui tam provision (25 U.S.C. 201) enacted","plain_summary":"","year":""}]}