Misuse of Citizenship and Residency by Investment Programmes (joint FATF/OECD report)

Joint FATF/OECD report 'Misuse of Citizenship and Residency by Investment Programmes' (November 2023, 62 pages): ecosystem overview, threats and vulnerabilities, case studies (Portugal, Cyprus, Greece, St Kitts and Nevis, UK, US, Bangladesh, Antigua and Barbuda, Malta, China, Türkiye, Ireland, New Zealand), corruption and tax risks, mitigation measures. Programme numbers: EPRS EU totals 2011-2019 (already recorded); three politically linked persons granted Maltese citizenship in 2016; US investor-fraud cases (nearly USD 21 million misappropriated, case from 2001; more than USD 50 million collected by an EB-5 scheme, 2017 plea); UK sham-investment fees (GBP 200,000 and GBP 400,000 per applicant); Greek EUR 250,000 residence threshold. Not recorded on purpose: Dominica CBI passport sales 'one third' of GDP in 2016 and CBI revenue 'nearly a third' of GDP in some countries (words, not printed numbers); case details that are not programme figures (properties bought under EUR 100,000 in a Greek case, a RMB 2.75 million transfer in a Chinese case, simulated GBP 1 million and 2 million investments, homes worth nearly USD 1 million); programme launch years (1984, 1986, 1990) and the Irish IIP closure in February 2023, already in the data from other sources. No tables or charts with values.